甘蔗种质对甘蔗蓟马的耐害性研究  

Tolerance of Sugarcane Germplasm to Sugarcane Thrips

作　　者：罗志明[1] 覃伟[1] 尹炯[1] 李银煳 张荣跃[1] 李俊[1] LUO Zhiming;QIN Wei;YIN Jiong;LI Yinhu;ZHANG Rongyue;LI Jun(Sugarcane Research Institute,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Kaiyuan,Yunnan 661699)

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院甘蔗研究所,云南开远661699

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2022年第34期107-112,共6页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目“热带作物增产节本增效栽培技术集成与示范”(2020YFD1000600);云南省重点研发(农业领域)专项“甘蔗宜机化新品种选育及配套关键技术集成示范”(202102AE090028);“绿色食品牌”打造科技支撑行动(蔗糖产业)专项经费;云南省科技厅2021年三区人才支持计划。

摘　　要：通过自然种群接虫方法,开展12个甘蔗种质对蓟马的耐害性评价。结果表明,不同甘蔗种质虫害水平存在较大差异,其中‘云蔗15-507’为害最轻(虫害指数为13.33%),‘云蔗14-1010’为害最重(虫害指数为73.33%)。相关分析结果显示,虫害指数与卷叶率相关性最强(R=0.9758),蓟马成虫数与虫害指数、卷叶率呈弱相关关系。耐害性由强到弱划分,可将12个甘蔗种质分为4个耐害等级,其中‘云蔗135-507’、‘云蔗15-1679’和‘云蔗14-1289’为1级,‘云蔗11-3898’和‘云蔗14-1215’为2级,‘云蔗14-1208’、‘云蔗15-1692’、‘云蔗13-1821’和‘云蔗12-1185’为3级,‘粤糖93-159’、‘云蔗13-1182’和‘云蔗14-1010’为4级。对耐害性甘蔗种质相关生理生化指标分析结果表明,虫害指数与多酚氧化酶(PPO)活性、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性呈显著的负相关关系,与过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性有弱的正相关相系,与苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)活性、过氧化物酶(POD)活性及丙二醛(MDA)含量等无相关关系。The tolerance of 12 sugarcane germplasms to sugarcane thrips was evaluated by natural population inoculation method.The results showed that there were great differences in the pest levels of different sugarcane germplasms.Among them,‘Yunzhe 15-507’had the least damage(pest index was 13.33%),and‘Yunzhe 14-1010’had the most serious damage(pest index was 73.33%).The results of correlation analysis showed that the correlation between pest index and leaf rolling rate was the strongest(R=0.9758),and the number of thrips adults was weakly correlated with pest index and leaf rolling rate.The 12 sugarcane germplasms could be divided into four pest tolerance grades from strong to weak,of which the first grade included‘Yunzhe 135-507’,‘Yunzhe 15-1679’and‘Yunzhe 14-1289’,the second grade included‘Yunzhe 11-3898’and‘Yunzhe 14-1215’,the third grade included‘Yunzhe 14-1208’,‘Yunzhe 15-1629’,‘Yunzhe 13-1821’and‘Yunzhe 12-1185’,and the fourth grade included‘Yuetang 93-159’,‘Yunzhe 13-1182’and‘Yunzhe 14-1010’.The analysis of the physiological and biochemical indexes related to the tolerance of sugarcane germplasms to insect pests showed that the pest index had a significantly negative correlation with polyphenol oxidase(PPO)activity and superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity,a weakly positive correlation with catalase(CAT)activity,and no correlation with phenylalanine ammonialyase(PAL)activity,peroxidase(POD)activity and malondialdehyde(MDA)content.

关 键 词：甘蔗种质 甘蔗蓟马 虫害指数 耐害性 生理生化指标 

分 类 号：S433.1[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]