直播早稻适宜播种温度分析  

Suitable Sowing Temperature for Direct Seeding Early Rice

作　　者：胡萍 冯敏玉 吴风雨 曹贺予 HU Ping;FENG Minyu;WU Fengyu;CAO Heyu(Nanchang County Meteorological Bureau,Nanchang 330200;Nanchang Meteorological Bureau,Nanchang 330000)

机构地区：[1]南昌县气象局,南昌330200 [2]南昌市气象局,南昌330000

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2022年第35期70-75,共6页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：南昌市农业气象重点实验室开放研究基金项目“温度对直播早稻幼苗生长及产量的影响研究”(2021NNZS201);2020年度国内外作物产量气象预报专项项目“双季早稻早播气象适用技术研究与推广”(20200202);江西省气象局重点项目“早春气候资源在水稻生产中的利用技术研究”(20160523)。

摘　　要：为满足近年来直播稻种植的气象服务需求,开展直播早稻适宜播种温度研究。以南昌地区的常规种植早稻‘湘早籼45’为研究对象,设置3月26日、3月29日、4月2日、4月5日以及4月10日共5个播期,研究分析不同播期下直播早稻的出苗率、农艺性状以及产量的特征。结果表明,成苗率与出苗期间平均气温和平均最低气温呈显著正相关关系;适时早播有利于提高直播早稻有效穗数、每穗粒数和结实率;气温对苗高和叶龄变化有明显影响。连续3~5日平均温度达18℃,日最低气温在15℃以上时,有利早稻直播。In order to meet the meteorological service demand of direct seeding early rice in recent years,suitable sowing temperature of direct seeding early rice was studied.A conventional early rice variety‘Xiangzaoxian 45’of Nanchang area was used as the research material,five sowing dates were set,which were March 26,March 29,April 2,April 5 and April 10.The seedling emergence rate,agronomic traits and yield of direct seeding early rice under different sowing dates were analyzed.The results showed that there were significantly positive correlations between the seedling rate and the average temperature and minimum temperature during seedling emergence.Timely and early sowing was beneficial to increase effective panicle number,grain number per panicle and seed setting rate of direct seeding early rice.Temperature had obvious effect on the change of seedling height and leaf age.When the average temperature reached 18℃and the daily minimum temperature was above 15℃for 3-5 days,it was favorable for direct seeding of early rice.

关 键 词：直播早稻 播种温度 出苗率 农艺性状 产量 

分 类 号：S-3[农业科学]