干旱胁迫下‘宛麦632’的抗旱性分析  

Wheat Variety‘Wanmai632’:Tolerance Under Drought Stress

作　　者：张彬 李金秀 王震 石利朝 李金榜 ZHANG Bin;LI Jinxiu;WANG Zhen;SHI Lichao;LI Jinbang(Nanyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanyang,Henan 473000)

机构地区：[1]南阳市农业科学院,河南南阳473000

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2022年第36期12-16,共5页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系资助(CARS-03)。

摘　　要：为了探究小麦新品种‘宛麦632’的抗旱性,以‘周麦18’为对照试验材料,采用PEG模拟干旱和田间自然干旱的方法测定抗旱指标。无干旱胁迫条件下,‘宛麦632’与‘周麦18’的各项抗旱指标均无显著差异,其产量分别为7052 kg/hm2和6916 kg/hm2。干旱胁迫条件下,在萌发期,‘宛麦632’的发芽率、发芽势分别较‘周麦18’高44.23%、106.25%;在苗期,‘宛麦632’的苗高、根长、茎叶鲜重和根鲜重分别较‘周麦18’高62.90%、55.32%、83.33%和60.00%;在成株期,‘宛麦632’的株高、最高分蘖、有效穗、穗粒数、千粒重和产量分别较‘周麦18’高2.99%、1.94%、1.44%、14.71%、10.61%和6.80%。除有效穗外,其他性状差异均达显著水平。此外,‘宛麦632’和‘周麦18’的综合抗旱指数分别为0.901、0.582。据此认为,在干旱胁迫条件下,‘宛麦632’生长受抑制程度小,其各项抗旱指标均优于‘周麦18’;‘宛麦632’具有较好的抗旱性,在干旱环境下有产量优势。In order to explore the drought tolerance of new wheat variety‘Wanmai632’,‘Zhoumai18’was used as the control in this study.Drought tolerance indexes were determined by the methods of simulating drought stress with PEG and natural drought stress.Without drought stress,there was no significant difference between‘Wanmai632’and‘Zhoumai18’in drought tolerance indexes.The yield of the two varieties was 7052 kg/hm^(2) and 6916 kg/hm^(2),respectively.Under drought stress,the germination rate and germination potential of‘Wanmai632’were 44.23%and 106.25%higher than those of‘Zhoumai18’at germination stage,respectively.The seedling height,root length,fresh weight of stem-leaf and root of‘Wanmai632’were 62.90%,55.32%,83.33%and 60.00%higher than those of‘Zhoumai18’at seedling stage,respectively.The plant height,maximum tillering number,effective spike number,grains per spike,1000-grain weight and grain yield of‘Wanmai632’were 2.99%,1.94%,1.44%,14.71%,10.61%and 6.80%higher than those of‘Zhoumai18’at adult-plant stage,respectively.The differences of these characters were significant except that of effective spike number.In addition,the comprehensive drought tolerance index of‘Wanmai632’and‘Zhoumai18’was 0.901 and 0.582,respectively.To sum up,‘Wanmai632’has less inhibition on growth under drought stress.All the drought tolerance indexes of‘Wanmai632’are better than those of‘Zhoumai18’.‘Wanmai632’has relatively high tolerance to drought stress and yield advantage in arid environment.

关 键 词：小麦 ‘宛麦632’ 干旱胁迫 抗旱性 抗旱指数 

分 类 号：S332.4[农业科学—作物遗传育种]