基于SSR标记的芋头种质资源遗传多样性分析及抗疫病鉴定  

Taro Germplasm Resources:Genetic Diversity Analysis and Resistance Identification to Blight Based on SSR Markers

作　　者：郭巨先[1] 吴廷全[2] 李沐蓉 唐康 姚春鹏 李桂花[1] 罗文龙 王瑞[2] GUO Juxian;WU Tingquan;LI Murong;TANG Kang;YAO Chunpeng;LI Guihua;LUO Wenlong;WANG Rui(Vegetable Research Institute,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangdong Key Laboratory for New Technology Research of Vegetables,Guangzhou 510640;Institute of Facility Agriculture,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guangzhou 510640;South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642)

机构地区：[1]广东省农业科学院蔬菜研究所/广东省蔬菜新技术研究重点实验室,广州510640 [2]广东省农业科学院设施农业研究所,广州510640 [3]华南农业大学,广州510642

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2022年第36期112-119,共8页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：广东省科技计划项目“粤港澳大湾区国际科技创新中心建设”(2021A0505050004);广东省农村科技特派员项目“特色蔬菜新品种引进与绿色栽培技术示范推广”(KTP20210007);广东省科技计划项目“华南抗疫病蔬菜资源的收集、筛选、鉴评及应用技术开发”(2019B030316015);广东省自然科学基金项目“CsPUB54与pmRXLR1互作负向调控黄瓜对疫病抗性的分子机理研究”(2019A1515011310)。

摘　　要：为了了解不同来源芋头种质资源的遗传多样性及其对疫病的抗性,本研究从100对SSR引物中筛选出21对多态丰富的SSR引物,并将其用于109份芋头资源的遗传多样性分析,同时采用人工接种芋头疫霉菌的方法对这些资源进性行了抗性评价。结果表明,21对SSR引物在109份芋头资源中共扩增出71个等位基因,变幅在2~4个,平均有效等位基因数3.38;观测杂合度(Ho)变化范围为0.0481~0.8900,平均为0.3483;预期杂合度(He)的变化范围为0.0841~0.6709,平均为0.3794;种群平均Shannon遗传多样性指数为0.6733;遗传距离在0~1之间,平均遗传距离为0.6014。在分支距离为0.49处,可将供试芋头资源分为3个类群。60%以上的抗性资源集中于Ⅰ和Ⅱ类群。本研究可为筛选、鉴定优良芋头种质资源及遗传育种工作提供科学依据。In order to investigate the genetic diversity of taro germplasm resources from different sources and detect their resistance to blight,21 pairs of SSR marker primers with high polymorphism were screened out from 100 pairs of SSR marker primers,and were used to analyze the genetic diversity of taro resources.Meanwhile,the resistance of 109 germplasm resources was evaluated by inoculating taro Phytophthora artificially.Results showed that a total of 71 polymorphic alleles were detected and the number of alleles per locus ranged from 2 to 4 with an average of 3.38 alleles.The observed heterozygosity(Ho)ranged from 0.0481 to 0.8900 with an average of 0.3483.The expected heterozygosity(He)ranged from 0.0841 to 0.6709 with an average of 0.3794.The average Shannon genetic diversity index(I)was 0.6733,the genetic distance was between 0 and 1,and the average genetic distance was 0.6014.The taro germplasm resources were divided into three groups at the genetic distance of 0.49.More than 60%of resistant germplasm resources belonged to I and II groups.This study could provide a scientific basis for screening and identification of excellent taro germplasm resources and genetic breeding.

关 键 词：芋 种质资源 SSR标记 遗传多样性 抗病评价 

分 类 号：S642.1[农业科学—蔬菜学]