质子交换膜燃料电池堆流量分配特性的参数分析  

Parameter analysis of flow distribution characteristics of proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack

作　　者：杨声 肖振宇 刘志强[1] 杜玮 孙毅[2] 邓呈维 YANG Sheng;XIAO Zhenyu;LIU Zhiqiang;DU Wei;SUN Yi;DENG Chengwei(School of Energy Science and Engineering,Central South University,Changsha 410083,China;Space Power Technology State Key Laboratory,Shanghai Institute of Space Power Sources,Shanghai 201100,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学能源科学与工程学院,湖南长沙410083 [2]上海空间电源研究所空间电源技术国家重点实验室,上海201100

出　　处：《中南大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第12期4627-4636,共10页Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology

基　　金：中南大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(1053320192402)。

摘　　要：利用Space Claim建立质子交换膜燃料电池堆的二维模型。为简化求解过程,采用多孔介质模型模拟反映气体在电池堆中的流动情况,并通过Fluent软件对模型进行求解。探究质子交换膜燃料电池堆的结构参数和运行参数、单电池数量和单电池厚度对反应物流量分配均匀性的影响。研究结果表明:靠近电池堆集流道入口段的单电池反应气体流量较大,而靠近盲端的单电池反应气体流量较小,这是集流道进出口压差不同所致;仅增加集流道高度、等截面增加集流道高度以及增加单电池压降能改善电池堆中反应气体分配均匀性,而增加电流密度则起反作用;随着单电池数量增加,流量分配均匀性显著减小,而减小单电池厚度对电池堆中反应气体分配均匀性影响较小。A two-dimensional model of the PEMFC(proton exchange membrane fuel cell) stack was established based on Space Claim. To simplify the calculation process, a porous medium model was used to simulate the flow of reactants gas in the stack, and the model was solved by Fluent software. The effects of the structure parameters and operating parameters of the PEMFC stack on the uniformity of reactant flow distribution were studied. The effects of the number of cells and the thickness of the single cell were studied. The results show that the flow rate of the reactant gas near the inlet section of the stack manifold is larger and near the blind end is smaller in the single cell, which is influenced by the inlet and outlet pressure difference of manifold. The increase of the height of the manifold only, increasing the height of the manifold with the same cross-sectional area and the pressure drop in the cell could improve the distribution unifomity of reactant gas in the stack. However, increasing the current density can decrease the distribution uniformity. With the increase of the number of single cells, the uniformity of flow distribution decreases significantly, while decreasing the thickness of single cells has little influence on the uniformity of reaction gas distribution in the stack.

关 键 词：燃料电池 结构参数 数值模拟 湍流 流量分配 

分 类 号：TK91[动力工程及工程热物理]