猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒的免疫保护机制及疫苗研究进展  

Advances in the Researches on the Immune Protection Mechanism and Vaccines of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus

作　　者：翟崇凯 毛福超 张贺伟 Zhai Chongkai;Mao Fuchao;Zhang Hewei(Henan Research Center for Animal Diseases and Public Health Engineering,School of Food and Drug,Luoyang Polytechnic,Luoyang,Henan 471003,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省动物疫病与公共卫生工程研究中心,洛阳职业技术学院食品与药品学院,河南洛阳471003

出　　处：《中国动物检疫》2023年第2期86-98,共13页China Animal Health Inspection

基　　金：河南省科技攻关项目(212102110375)。

摘　　要：猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus,PRRSV)的高变异性、免疫逃逸以及异源毒株间的交叉保护效果差,致使现有疫苗保护效力的持久性和有效性受限。本文归纳了PRRSV国内外流行毒株的进化和抗原变异以及毒株中和表位的免疫保护机制研究现状,系统分析了传统疫苗、反向遗传学构建的嵌合疫苗、基因工程疫苗、干扰素诱导激活疫苗以及纳米疫苗等的研究进展,提出了通过不断改良佐剂、改进接种方式等途径开发新型PRRSV疫苗,有望加快终结PRRS的全球流行,为研发安全高效的新型PRRSV疫苗提供了参考。The durability and effectiveness of current vaccines were limited by high variability and immune escape of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus(PRRSV)and poor cross-protection effect among heterologous strains.In the paper,the researches on the evolution and antigenic variation of the prevalent strains of PRRSV at home and abroad,as well as the immune protection mechanism of their neutralizing epitopes were summarized,the advances in traditional vaccines,chimeric vaccines constructed by reverse genetics,genetic engineering vaccines,interferoninduced activation vaccines and nanovaccines were systematically analyzed,and new PRRSV vaccines were proposed to be developed through continuous improvement of adjuvants and vaccination methods,which was expected to accelerate the end of global prevalence of PRRSV,and provide a reference for future development of safe and efficient vaccines.

关 键 词：猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒 变异毒株 中和表位 免疫保护机制 疫苗 

分 类 号：S851.3[农业科学—预防兽医学]