固体推进剂含能燃烧催化剂研究现状与发展趋势  

Research Status and Development Trend of Energetic Combustion Catalysts for Solid Propellant

作　　者：李瑞勤 姜一帆 张明 王艳 李辉[1] 秦钊[1] 左英英 侯晓婷 赵凤起[1] LI Rui-qin;JIANG Yi-fan;ZHANG Ming;WANG Yan;LI Hui;QIN Zhao;ZUO Ying-ying;HOU Xiao-ting;ZHAO Feng-qi(Science and Technology on Combustion and Explosion Laboratory,Xi′an Modern Chemistry Research Institude,Xi′an 710065,China;Shanxi North Xing′an Chemical Industry Co.Ltd.,Taiyuan 030008,China;No.3 Military Representative Office in Taiyuan,Taiyuan 030012,China)

机构地区：[1]西安近代化学研究所燃烧与爆炸技术重点实验室,陕西西安710065 [2]山西北方兴安化学工业有限公司,山西太原030008 [3]驻太原地区第三军事代表室,山西太原030012

出　　处：《火炸药学报》2023年第1期1-15,共15页Chinese Journal of Explosives & Propellants

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.22105157)。

摘　　要：以含能基团为区分,综述了固体推进剂含能燃烧催化剂近年来的研究现状,总结了唑类、吖嗪类、二茂铁类、蒽醌类、石墨烯类及硝基类含能燃烧催化剂对固体推进剂及其主要组分的催化燃烧作用及催化机制。指出唑类和吖嗪类部分化合物对固体推进剂催化效果优异;二茂铁及衍生物含能化兼具提升能量和改善迁移;蒽醌类等新型含能催化剂也各有优势;含氮量越高,对催化剂体系能力贡献越大,可通过在氮杂环上引入硝基等含能基团以提高氮含量并改善催化剂的性能。指出今后含能燃烧催化剂的研究重点为:进一步开展多功能、多金属含能燃烧催化剂的设计及机理探索;同时加强含能燃烧催化剂对其他含能材料热分解的催化作用及在固体推进剂中的应用研究。附参数文献89篇。Recent research progress of energetic combustion catalysts distinguished by energetic groups for solid propellant was reviewed.The catalystic combustion and mechanism of energetic combustion catalysts such as azoles,azines,ferrocene,dinitroanthraquinone,grapheme and nitro on the combustion of solid propellants and their main components were summarized.Several compounds of azole and azine had excellent catalytic effect on solid propellant,ferrocene and its derivatives can increase energy and improve migration,new types of energetic catalysts like dinitroanthraquinone also have their own advantages.The higher the nitrogen content,the greater contribution to the capacity of the catalyst system,and the nitrogen content can be increased and the performance of the catalyst can be improved by introducing energetic groups such as nitro on the nitrogen heterocycle.Finally,designing of multi-functional and multi-metal energetic combustion catalysts,exploring catalytic mechanism and strengthening the catalytic effect on the thermal decomposition of other energetic materials and the researches on the application of energetic combustion catalysts in solid propellant were pointed out as the emphasis directions in the future.With 89 references.

关 键 词：固体推进剂 含能燃烧催化剂 含能化合物 高氯酸铵 AP 黑索今 RDX 

分 类 号：TJ55[兵器科学与技术—军事化学与烟火技术] V512[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]