长江老海坝段近期河道演变及其影响因素分析  

Recent river channel evolution and its influencing factors in Laohaiba reach of the Yangtze River

作　　者：王茂枚 姜果 朱昊 蔡军 周亚娟 WANG Mao-mei;JIANG Guo;ZHU Hao;CAI Jun;ZHOU Ya-juan(Jiangsu Hydraulic Research Institute,Nanjing 210017,China;Nanjing Qiyuan Construction Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Nanjing 210008,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省水利科学研究院,江苏南京210017 [2]南京齐源建设工程有限公司,江苏南京210008

出　　处：《水运工程》2023年第1期88-96,共9页Port & Waterway Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点国际研究合作项目(51520105014);江苏省水利科技项目(2019001);江苏省水利科技项目(2018005);江苏省水利科技项目(2020007)。

摘　　要：近年来受三峡蓄水及河道整治工程影响,长江下游部分河道边界及水沙条件发生了显著变化,特别是老海坝河段年内冲淤演变剧烈,对河道防洪、航运及岸线利用产生影响。本文采用近15年的地形实测资料,探讨老海坝险工段河床演变特征,并对其影响因素开展研究。结果表明:1)老海坝河段平面变化较小,南岸附近-10、-30 m等深线基本稳定,-50 m深槽范围有所扩大;2)河道横断面形态横向变化小,纵向变化大,呈现向窄深方向发展的趋势;3)老海坝抛石护岸工程的实施,改变不同等深线区间内河床的冲淤变化幅度,加剧了深槽冲淤幅度,其中岸坡附近冲淤变化相对较小,深槽冲淤幅度较大,九龙港-十一圩港段冲淤演变最为剧烈;4)老海坝段-30 m以下深槽冲淤量与上游大通站造床流量呈负相关,同时受河道地质边界条件影响,在弯道水流离心力作用下,河床仍将长期处于被冲刷状态。研究成果可为河势急剧变化区的河道演变及岸坡防护提供参考依据。In recent years,affected by the Three Gorges reservoir and river regulation project,the river boundaries and water and sediment conditions in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River have changed significantly.In particular,the erosion and deposition of Laohaiba reach have changed dramatically in the year,which has an impact on river flood control,shipping and shoreline utilization.In this paper,the characteristics of riverbed evolution in Laohaiba danger section are discussed based on the topographic measured data of nearly 15 years,and the influencing factors are studied.The results show that:1)the plane variation of Laohaiba reach is small,the isobaths of-10 m and-30 m near the south bank are basically stable,and the depth range of-50 m is expanded.2)The transverse variation of river cross-section morphology is small,and the longitudinal variation is large,showing a trend of narrow and deep development.3)The implementation of the rubble-throwing revetment project of Laohaiba has changed the range of erosion and deposition of the riverbed in different isobaths,and intensified the range of erosion and deposition of the deep trough.The variation of erosion and deposition near the bank slope is relatively small,while the range of erosion and deposition of the deep trough is large.The evolution of erosion and deposition from the Jiulong Port to Shiyiwei Port is the most intense.4)There is a negative correlation between the erosion and deposition of the deep channel below-30 m of Laohaiba section and the flow of the upstream Datong station.At the same time,affected by the geological boundary conditions of the river channel,the river bed will still be in a state of erosion for a long time under the action of the centrifugal force of the bend flow.The research results can provide reference for the study of river channel evolution and bank slope protection in the rapidly changing river regime area.

关 键 词：老海坝 河床冲淤 河势演变 造床流量 

分 类 号：TV147[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]