多源信息融合的航空发动机异常检测方法研究  

An aeroengine health indicator construction method based on multi-source information fusion

作　　者：蔡景[1] 康婷玮 左洪福[1] 张晨 张营[1] Cai Jing;Kang Tingwei;Zuo Hongfu;Zhang Chen;Zhang Ying(College of Civil Aviation,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 211106,China;Beijing Civil Aviation Safety Analysis and Prevention Engineering Technology Research Center,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学民航学院,南京211106 [2]北京市民航安全分析及预防工程技术研究中心,北京100084

出　　处：《电子测量技术》2022年第22期135-141,共7页Electronic Measurement Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金与民航联合基金重点项目(U1933202)资助。

摘　　要：针对航空发动机中单参数表征性能不全面,且易受外部环境和飞行工况等因素影响的问题,提出一种基于谱回归和高斯混合模型的多源信息融合的健康因子构建方法。选取记录完整并与发动机健康性能关系密切的参数,以同架飞机左右发动机的性能参数差异值作为数据源,通过谱回归进行特征降维,采用高斯混合模型构建正常状态模型,再以基于贝叶斯推断的距离表征测试数据与高斯混合模型的全局距离判别发动机的异常状态。通过两个航空发动机异常事件案例中真实QAR数据进行验证,结果表明所提方法相较于航空公司能够更有效评估航空发动机的健康状态,提前识别出发动机的异常点,预留出足够的时间为发动机制定可靠的维修计划,提高飞机的安全性与经济性。Aiming at the problem that single parameter characterization performance of aero-engine is not comprehensive,and is easily affected by external environment and flight conditions,a health indicator construction method based on Spectral regression and Gaussian mixture model for multi-source information fusion is proposed.Select the parameters that have complete records and are closely related to the engine health performance,take the difference value of the performance parameters of the left and right engines of the same aircraft as the data source,reduce the dimension of the features through Spectral regression,build a normal state model using the Gaussian mixture model,and then use the distance based on Bayesian inference to characterize the test data and the global distance of the Gaussian mixture model to identify the abnormal state of the engine.Verified by real QAR data from two aero-engine abnormal event cases,the results show that the proposed method can evaluate the health status of aero-engine more effectively and identify engine abnormalities in advance than that of airlines,reserve enough time to make reliable maintenance plans for the engine mechanism,and improve the safety and economy of the aircraft.

关 键 词：航空发动机 多源信息融合 健康因子 谱回归 高斯混合模型 

分 类 号：V263.6[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航制造工程]