山东省淄博市生活饮用水中氟化物分布特征及其健康风险评估  

Distribution Characteristics on Fluoride Surveillance and Health Risks Assessment of Drinking Water in Zibo

作　　者：孟超[1,2] 刘芳盈 李平[1,2] 王丹[1,2] 刘晓利 张殿平 MENG Chao;LIU Fang-ying;LI ping;WANG Dan;LIU Xiao-li;ZHANG Dian-ping(Department of Environmental and Health,Zibo City Center for Disease Control and Prevention(Zibo Key Laboratory of Environmental Organic Pollution and Population Health Monitoring),Zibo,Shandong 255026,China;Joint Of fice of Environmental and Health of Shandong University-Zibo Center for Disease Control and Prevention)

机构地区：[1]淄博市疾病预防控制中心环境卫生监测所淄博市环境有机污染与人群健康监测分析重点实验室,山东255026 [2]山东大学公共卫生学院-淄博市疾病预防控制中心环境与健康联合教研室

出　　处：《预防医学论坛》2022年第12期885-889,共5页Preventive Medicine Tribune

基　　金：山东省医药卫生发展计划(202112010587)。

摘　　要：目的分析山东省淄博市生活饮用水中氟化物浓度水平,评估其健康风险。方法收集2015-2020年山东省淄博市3112份城乡饮用水样品,检测氟化物含量,采用我国WS/T 777-2021《化学物质环境健康风险评估技术指南》的环境健康风险评价模型,对山东省淄博市饮用水中的氟化物进行健康风险评价。结果2015-2020年山东省淄博市3112份生活饮用水中氟化物浓度为0.29(0.00,3.86)mg/L,超标率为1.00%。不同年度、不同水源类型的水氟浓度差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。区域分布和Kriging插值显示,高青县饮用水氟化物浓度最高,且存在明显的高氟带。Spearman秩相关分析结果显示,饮用水中氟化物浓度与pH值、铝、铁、锰、氯化物、硫酸盐、溶解性总固体、耗氧量呈正相关(rs为0.070~0.520,P<0.01),与硝酸盐氮、锌、总硬度呈负相关(rs为-0.083~-0.411,P<0.01)。0~5岁儿童、6~17岁儿童和成人经饮用水途径暴露氟化物的平均健康风险值分别为0.25、0.15、0.19,最大健康风险分别为3.37、2.02、2.55。高青县饮用水氟化物平均和最高健康风险明显高于其他区县。结论山东省淄博市饮用水氟化物总体健康风险较低,局部高水氟区域对居民尤其是0~5岁儿童存在健康风险。Objective To analyze the concentration of fluoride in drinking water in Zibo city,Shandong province,and evaluate the health risk.Methods A total of 3112 samples of drinking water were collected from 2015 to 2020 in urban and rural areas in Zibo city,Shandong province.The fluoride content was detected to assess health risk of fluoride in drinking water by the the environmental health risk assessment model of“Technical Guideline for Environmental Health Risk Assessment of Chemical Exposure”(WS/T 777-2021).Results The fluoride concentration of 3112 drinking waters was 0.29(0.00,3.86)mg/L from 2015 to 2020 in Zibo city,Shandong province,and the excess rate was 1.00%.The differences of water fluoride concentration in different years and in different water source types were statistically significant(P<0.01).The results of regional distribution and Kriging interpolation showed that Gaoqing county had the highest fluoride concentration in drinking water,and there was an obvious high fluoride zone.The results of Spearman rank correlation analysis showed that the concentration of fluoride in drinking water was positively correlated with pH,aluminum,iron,manganese,chloride,sulfate,total dissolved solids,and oxygen consumption(rs:0.070~0.520,P<0.01),negatively correlated with nitrate nitrogen,zinc and total hardness(rs:-0.083~-0.411,P<0.01).The average health risk values for children aged 0-5,children aged 6-17 and adults exposed to fluoride through drinking water were 0.25,0.15,and 0.19,respectively.The maximum health risks were 3.37,2.02,and 2.55,respectively.The average and highest health risks of fluoride in drinking water in Gaoqing county were significantly higher than those in other districts and counties.Conclusion The overall health risk of fluoride in drinking water is low in Zibo city,Shandong province,and local high water fluoride areas have health risks to residents,especially children aged 0-5 years.

关 键 词：城市 农村 生活饮用水 氟化物 健康风险评估 非致癌风险 空间分布 

分 类 号：R123[医药卫生—环境卫生学]