突破“卡脖子”技术的思维模式——基于TRIZ的设计  

A mindset intending to break through "bottleneck" technologies——A design based on TRIZ

作　　者：张治河[1] 高中一 檀润华[2] 孙丽杰 Zhang Zhihe;Gao Zhongyi;Tan Runhua;Sun Lijie(School of International Business,Shaanxi Normal University,Xi′an 710119,Shaanxi,China;School of Mechanical Engineering,Hebei University of Technology,Tianjin 300401,China;China Association for International Scientific and Technological Cooperation,Beijing 100038,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学国际商学院,陕西西安710119 [2]河北工业大学机械工程学院,天津300401 [3]中国国际科学技术合作协会,北京100038

出　　处：《科研管理》2022年第12期54-68,共15页Science Research Management

基　　金：教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目:“健全技术创新的市场导向机制研究”(14JZD010);国家自然科学基金应急管理项目:“‘卡脖子’关键核心技术领域的创新能力与形势研判分析”(71941028)。

摘　　要：本文基于中美技术竞争没有妥协的余地,唯一的出路在于实施卓越的科技战略、选择科学的突破路径去赢得竞争的基本判断,根据“卡脖子”技术的特性,运用TRIZ思维,建立了基于TRIZ冲突解决原理的突破“卡脖子”技术思维体系;同时,构建了宏观层面上基于战略层和应用层有机联动的“卡脖子”技术突破机制和微观层面上基于TRIZ技术创新分级的企业突破“卡脖子”技术的实施机制。在对上述机制分析的基础上,提出了突破“卡脖子”技术的4条路径:(1)面向政府和企业两个核心主体,从宏观层面建立突破“卡脖子”技术的宏观机制;(2)突出企业创新主体地位,以TRIZ方法辅助企业技术创新;(3)融合技术创新系统思想,建立跨学科、跨行业的联动机制;(4)发挥平台功能,实现优秀人才的有效集聚。According to the basic judgment that there is no alternative but to implement excellent scientific and technological strategies and choose a scientific breakthrough path for China in the China-US technological competition,our study proposes a thinking system to solve the "bottleneck" technology problem based on TRIZ with the analysis of the characteristics of "bottleneck" issues,which is the key core technology,is not necessarily a new technology,is an existing technology,one part has,one part does not have,the owner uses the priority to impose restrictions on the non-owner,constitutes a "bottleneck".Specifically,we establish two interrelated mechanisms,namely the "bottleneck" technological macro-breakthrough mechanism at the strategy and application layer,and the "bottleneck" technological micro-breakthrough mechanism at the enterprises′ implementation layer with respect to the TRIZ technological innovation classification.At the macro-level,the government-led strategy layer mainly from the angle of view of conflict management,from the perspective of the macro set including technology,talent,institutional innovation,business environment,market and industry from six aspects of science and technology strategy,as provided in the application level of the enterprise with the leading basic guarantee,promoting enterprise and the integration collaboration among innovation subjects.The enterprise-led application layer is mainly based on the perspective of physical conflict and technical conflict in TRIZ theory,attracting interdisciplinary and cross industry knowledge and talents,building a micro mechanism for enterprises to break through "bottleneck" technology based on specific solutions,and realizing the improvement of technological innovation ability.At the micro-level,enterprises break through the "bottleneck" technology implementation mechanism based on TRIZ technology innovation classification.There are three points to breakthrough "bottleneck" technology,the first point is clearing scientific research foundation

关 键 词：“卡脖子”技术 TRIZ理论 TRIZ技术创新分级 技术创新 技术创新方法 

分 类 号：F062.4[经济管理—政治经济学]