融合研究范式的特征及测度研究  

A study of the characteristics and measurement of convergence research paradigms

作　　者：肖小溪 林德明[2] 刘文斌 Xiao Xiaoxi;Lin Deming;Liu Wenbin(Institutes of Science and Development,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;WISE Lab of Institute of Science of Science and S&T Management,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116024,Liaoning,China;School of Business Administration,Beijing Normal University-Hong Kong Baptist University United International College,Zhuhai 519087,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院,北京100190 [2]大连理工大学科学学与科技管理研究所WISE实验室,辽宁大连116024 [3]北京师范大学-香港浸会大学联合国际学院工商管理学院,广东珠海519087

出　　处：《科研管理》2022年第12期190-197,共8页Science Research Management

基　　金：国家自然科学基金:“‘融合式研究’的评价理论与实证研究--以生命与健康领域若干重大问题的研究为例”(71804176);中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院青年基金项目:“‘融合科研’的评价理论与方法研究”(Y9X1761Q01)。

摘　　要：融合(convergence,或译为“会聚”)研究是一种基于多学科交叉来解决重大经济社会问题的科研范式,近年来成为主要国家高度关注的发展趋势。本文首先从本体论、认识论和方法论上揭示融合研究的基本特征,进而基于熵理论研究提出测度融合研究的指标--融合熵,并以脑科学研究为例开展该指标的实证研究。结果表明:融合研究的本体(研究问题或对象)主要来源于自然或者社会中的重大挑战,而非单纯从现有知识体系推演而来;在认识论上,融合研究不仅要求个人层面的知识建构,也强调组织层面和国家层面对知识的主动性、系统性和协调性管理和应用;在方法论上,根据研究问题的不同,融合研究可吸收不同学科,通过学科之间的“化学”作用形成新的研究框架和研究语言,并最终发展形成融合领域;以脑科学为例开展的融合熵测度与专家定性研判结果具有高契合度,表明应用“融合熵”这一指标来测度融合研究具有科学性和可行性。Convergence research is a new research paradigm based on interdisciplinary approaches to solving major economic and social problems.In recent years,it has become a development trend that major countries pay great attention to.This paper first analyzes and reveals the characteristics of convergence research from the perspectives of ontology,epistemology and methodology,which illustrate the difference between the convergence research paradigm and the traditional research paradigm.Then this paper puts forward an entropy index,i.e.,convergence entropy,to measure convergence research,and takes brain science research as an example to carry out empirical research with this index.There are mainly four theoretical results and conclusions from this paper.Firstly,convergence research is especially a holistic reflection on the ontology,epistemology and methodology of scientific research,instead of the paradigm shifting on the level of specific disciplines.Secondly,from the ontological point of view,the convergence research activities are mainly about natural ontology or social ontology,which means that the research problems or objects of convergence research are generally derived from the major challenges of nature and economic society,rather than simply deduced from the existing knowledge system.Thirdly,from the perspective of epistemology,convergence research is a typical constructivism,which not only requires knowledge construction at the individual level,but also emphasizes proactive,systematic and coordinated management and application of knowledge at the organizational and national levels.Fourthly,in terms of methodology,convergence research emphasizes wider openness and deeper integration.On the one hand,convergence research absorbs different disciplines according to the specific research problems,instead of the interaction of the same certain disciplines,which means that different research problems are solved by the convergence of different disciplines.In other words,convergence research involves a larger variety of

关 键 词：融合研究 特征 测度 融合熵 

分 类 号：G304[文化科学]