2022年上海市某方舱医院收治的3054例新冠轻型/无症状感染病例的流行病学特征  

Epidemiological characteristics of 3054 COVID-19 patients with mild symptoms/asymptomatic infection in makeshift hospitals of Shanghai in 2022

作　　者：陈兵 刘效辉[2] 赵林[3] 李龙军 顾安曼 伊洪莉[6] 闫根全[4] 刘可可 CHEN Bing;LIU Xiao-hui;ZHAO Lin;LI Long-jun;GU An-man;YI Hong-i;YAN Gen-quan;LIU Ke-ke(Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University,Jinan,Shandong 250021,China)

机构地区：[1]山东第一医科大学附属山东省立医院肾内科,山东济南250021 [2]山东第一医科大学附属山东省立医院神经内科,山东济南250021 [3]山东第一医科大学附属山东省立医院中医科,山东济南250021 [4]山东第一医科大学附属山东省立医院医务部,山东济南250021 [5]山东第一医科大学附属山东省立医院感染管理办公室,山东济南250021 [6]山东第一医科大学附属山东省立医院呼吸科与危重症医学科,山东济南250021

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2022年第24期3681-3686,共6页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

基　　金：山东省重点研发计划基金资助项目(2018GSF118227)。

摘　　要：目的对感染新冠病毒奥密克戎(Omicron)BA.2毒株的方舱医院住院患者流行病学特点进行深入分析。方法回顾性收集2022年4月8日-5月13日入住上海市石龙路方舱医院的新冠病毒轻型和无症状感染病例,分析其流行病学史、一般状况、住院天数、新型冠状病毒(SARS-CoV-2)疫苗接种情况和病毒基因循环阈值(Ct)信息。利用单因素和多因素的Logistic回归分析患者住院>14 d和未注射疫苗的危险因素。结果研究收集2896例奥密克戎变异株感染者,平均住院天数(10.79±4.31)d,入院时病毒N基因和ORF1ab基因的Ct值分别为(28.63±6.55)和(29.45±5.50),其中13.05%患者未接种新冠疫苗。年龄越大者,住院时间超14 d可能性越大,而疫苗接种次数越多者,则更有可能14 d内出院;对907例患者入院时的新冠核酸检测显示,未成年患者病毒N和ORF1ab基因Ct值高于成年患者,合并常见慢性病患者的基因Ct值低于未合并的患者;相关性分析显示住院时间与N基因(r=-0.362,P<0.001)和ORF1ab基因Ct值(r=-0.391,P<0.001)呈负相关。结论新冠病毒感染患者的年龄、合并疾病情况、疫苗接种次数、入院病毒核酸Ct值是影响患者住院天数的危险因素。通过方舱医院对无症状和轻型新冠感染者进行隔离可有效控制疫情社会面传播。OBJECTIVE To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of Omicron subvariant BA.2 represented mild/asymptomatic COVID-19 cases in makeshift hospitals.METHODS The data of COVID-19 patients who were mild and asymptomatic admitted to Shanghai Shilong Road Temporary Capsule Hospital from Apr 8 to May 13,2022 were retrospectively collected.The epidemiological history,general situation,length of stay,severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-COV-2)vaccination,and cycle threshold(Ct)values of N and ORF1ab genes in the cases were analyzed.Univariate analysis and multivariate Logistic regression were used to analyze the risk factors for hospitalization>14 days and the risk of not being vaccinated.RESULTS A total of 2896 patients with Omicron variant infection were collected in this study.The average length of hospital stay was(10.79±4.31)days.The average Ct values of N gene and ORF1ab gene on admission were 28.63±6.55 and 29.45±5.50,respectively,and 13.05%of the patients were not vaccinated against COVID-19.The length of hospital stay of the patients with old age was more likely to surpass 14 days.The patients with more times of vaccination were more likely to discharge within 14 days.Nucleic acid testing for COVID-19 showed that the Ct values of the N and ORF1ab genes in the juvenile patients were higher than those in the adult patients,and the Ct values of the genes in the patients with common chronic diseases were lower than those in the uncomplicated patients.Correlation analysis showed that the length of hospital stay was negatively correlated with the Ct values of N gene(r=-0.362,P<0.001)and ORF1ab gene(r=-0.391,P<0.001).CONCLUSION The age of Omicron subvariant BA.2 infection patients,co-morbidity,times of vaccination,and Ct values of SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid are the risk factors for the length of stay in hospital.Isolation of asymptomatic and mild COVID-19 patients in makeshift hospitals can effectively control the social spread of the epidemic.

关 键 词：上海 方舱医院 新型冠状病毒 Omicron变异株 新冠轻型 新冠无症状感染者 新冠疫苗接种 流行病学 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]