一起新冠病毒奥密克戎BA.5.1.3株医院感染暴发调查与应急处置  

Investigation and emergency management of a nosocomial infection outbreak of Omicron BA.5.1.3 strain of SARS-CoV-2

作　　者：高允锁[1] 吴彪[1] 胡艳群 李亚清 王小丹[2] GAO Yun-suo;WU Biao;HU Yan-qun;LI Ya-qing;WANG Xiao-dan(Hainan General Hospital,Haikou,Hainan 57031l,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]海南省人民医院疫情流调组,海南海口570311 [2]海南医学院公共卫生学院,海南海口571199

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2022年第24期3783-3787,共5页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

摘　　要：目的根据一起新冠病毒奥密克戎BA.5.1.3株医院感染暴发的调查,了解其在医院内的传播模式,同时对院内感染控制效果进行评估,为该毒株在医院内的疫情防控提供依据。方法采用现场流行病学的方法对病例及其密切接触者进行调查,并对本次突发疫情造成的医院感染采取的防控措施进行研究。结果医院感染暴发时间为8月4日-8月8日,共5例被确诊新冠,潜伏期为1~5 d,平均潜伏期3.0 d。1号首发病例为53岁女性,接种疫苗3次,为医院患者家属陪护,发病前3 d去过疫情高风险地区,为输入性病例。暴发区域为医院的两个相连病房,两个病房的住院患者发病率分别为66.67%(2/3)、33.33%(1/3)。波及人群共967人,输入性病例1例,院感病例4例。院感病例中住院患者3例和护士1例,密切接触者537例,次密接者425例。8月5日接到市疾控电话确诊1号病例,0.5 h内完成封控病例所在病区,进行静态管理,启动院区网格化管理、全院全人员核酸检验和院内流调队伍,4 h内完成1号病例的环境采样、全环境消毒、电话流调。24 h内完成密接、次密接采样及管控。关注密接、次密接的动态,发现核酸阳性者,并进一步深度围堵。8月13日全院进行常态性管理。结论新冠BA.5.1.3毒株致病力强,潜伏期短,整体病情较轻,及时全面的院感防控措施是疫情控制的关键。OBJECTIVE To investigate a nosocomial infection outbreak of Omicron BA.5.1.3 strain of SARS-CoV-2,and to analyze the transmission mode of Omicron BA.5.1.3 strain in hospitals,in order to evaluate the effect of nosocomial infection control and provide a basis for the epidemic prevention and control of this strain in hospitals.METHODS The onsite epidemiological methods were used to investigate the confirmed cases and their close contacts,and the prevention and control measures of nosocomial infection caused by this outbreak were studied.RESULTS The outbreak time of nosocomial infection was from August 4 to August 8,and the incubation period was 1-5 days,with an average incubation period of 3.0 days.The first confirmed case was a 53-year-old woman who received three doses of COVID-19 vaccine and accompanied the family of the patient in the hospital.She had traveled to a high-risk area three days before onset of the disease,and the virus type was Omicron BA.5.1.3 strain.The outbreak area was two adjacent wards of the hospital,and the incidence rates of inpatients in the two wards were 66.67%(2/3)and 33.33%(1/3),respectively.A total of 967 people were affected,including 1 imported case,4 hospitalized cases(3 hospitalized patients and 1 nurse),537 close contacts and 425 secondary close contacts.On August 5,the city’s disease control and prevention telephone notified the first confirmed COVID-19 case.Within 0.5 hours,the ward where the case was located was sealed and static management was carried out.Measures such as district grid management,nucleic acid test in the whole hospital and in-hospital flow control were initiated.Environmental sampling,whole environment disinfection and telephone flow adjustment of case 1 were completed within 4 hours.Close contacts,secondary close contacts sampling and control were completed within 24 hours.We paid attention to the dynamics of close contacts and secondary close contacts,as if whose nucleic acid was positive,further measures could be taken to eliminate the risks.The hospita

关 键 词：医院感染 新冠病毒 新冠肺炎 奥密克戎BA.5.1.3 现场流行病学调查 暴发调查 应急处置 

分 类 号：R183[医药卫生—流行病学]