公共建筑卫生间排风模拟优化分析  

Simulation and optimization analysis of toilet exhaust in public buildings

作　　者：赵民[1,2] 郭亚磊 康维斌 李杨 Zhao Min;Guo Yalei;Kang Weibin;Li Yang(China Northwest Architecture Design and Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Xi’an;Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi’an)

机构地区：[1]中国建筑西北设计研究院有限公司,西安710018 [2]西安建筑科技大学,西安

出　　处：《暖通空调》2023年第2期76-81,共6页Heating Ventilating & Air Conditioning

基　　金：陕西省住房城乡建设科技科研开发计划项目“高品质绿色低碳建筑关键技术研究”(编号:2021-K30);中国建筑西北设计研究院有限公司科研、业务建设计划项目“剧场类项目低碳化设计方法研究”(编号:NB-2021-JZ-02)。

摘　　要：有效排除卫生间污染物是卫生间排风的关键。以某公共建筑卫生间为例,利用数值模拟分析卫生间氨气浓度,对卫生间排风口的设置位置、大小及排风量等进行了优化分析。研究结果表明:卫生间排风口应靠近污染源位置布置,当下排风口设置高度为0.3 m时,卫生间人体呼吸高度区的氨气浓度比顶排风方式减小近80%;卫生间采用下排风与顶排风同时排风,风量比为9∶1时,房间的氨气浓度最低;采用优化后的排风形式,换气次数达到10 h^(-1)以上时,卫生间可以获得理想的排风效果。Effectively removing pollutants from toilets is the key to toilet exhaust.Taking the toilet of a public building as an example,this paper analyses the ammonia concentration in the toilet through numerical simulation,and optimizes the setting position,size and exhaust air volume of the exhaust outlet.The results show that the toilet exhaust outlet should be arranged close to the pollution source.When the lower exhaust outlet is set at the height of 0.3 m,the ammonia concentration in the breathing height areas of the toilet is nearly 80%lower than that of the top exhaust mode of the room.When the lower and top exhaust are used simultaneously in the toilet and the air volume ratio is 9∶1,the ammonia concentration in the room is the lowest.When the optimized exhaust mode is adopted and the ventilation rate reaches more than 10 times per hour,the toilet could obtain an ideal exhaust effect.

关 键 词：卫生间 氨气浓度 上排风 下排风 优化 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TU834[建筑科学—供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程]