近三十年我国民众教养观念变迁趋势——基于年龄-时期-世代效应分析  

Trends in Childrearing Values in China during the Past Thirty Years——Based on Age-Period-Cohort Effect Analysis

作　　者：吴玉玲 WU Yu-ling

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学社会学系

出　　处：《社会学评论》2023年第1期150-168,共19页Sociological Review of China

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“四十年来中国人生产-生活观念变迁及政策启示研究”(22BSH133)。

摘　　要：本文利用世界价值观调查1990—2018年的六期中国数据,采用年龄-时期-世代模型,对我国居民自我导向与生存导向教养观念的时期与世代趋势进行了研究。时期效应表明,生存导向观念在1990—2007年间呈现强化趋势,近十年则趋于弱化;自我导向观念仅在2018年的调查中体现出显著强化趋势。从世代效应看,我国居民教养观念并未呈现出年轻世代更注重自我导向品质的线性变迁趋势,且不同世代组依然较重视生存导向品质。上述发现表明,我国民众教养观念的变迁仅部分印证了英格尔哈特对社会发展与观念变化之间关系的论断,展现出我国教养观念发展的独特性,该特征或与不同时期的社会发展特征及重大历史事件有关。此外,个体的教育水平、工作状况、婚姻状态、子女数量等个体特征影响与既有研究结果基本一致。Using six sets of cross-sectional survey data from World Values Survey China samples from 1990 to 2018, we employ an age-period-cohort model to assess period and cohort effects on two childrearing values: self-direction and survival-orientedness. Period effects indicate that survival-orientedness was reinforced between 1990 and 2007, and then began to weaken in the last decade,whereas self-direction value has only been found reinforced in 2018. Cohort effects did not show the linear development of the valuations of self-direction,and people in different cohort groups similarly put much emphasis on survivalorientedness. On the one hand, the changing trends in childrearing values in China partially support Inglehart’s argument about the relationship between social development and value changes. On the other hand, it exhibits unique characteristics of China that may be shaped by social development and noteworthy historical events. Additionally, the findings on the effects of education, employment, marital status, and the number of children are consistent with previous research.

关 键 词：自我导向 生存导向 后物质主义 年龄-时期-世代分析 

分 类 号：D64[政治法律—政治学] C91[政治法律—中外政治制度]