制度可供性与消费欲望——改革开放前中国的汽车化模式  

Regime Affordances and Consumption Desires:The Mode of Automobility in China before Reform and Opening Up

作　　者：史骥 SHI Ji

机构地区：[1]云南大学民族学与社会学学院

出　　处：《社会学评论》2023年第1期214-236,共23页Sociological Review of China

摘　　要：汽车化理论体现了一种结构与文化的互动关系,预示了不同制度结构与意识形态下会产生不同的汽车化模式。本文提出“汽车化制度可供性”与“汽车消费欲望”两个分析变量,以此分析中国改革开放前汽车化模式的独特性。改革开放前,中国落后的汽车生产体系、抑制消费的制度安排、限制流动性的社会结构与非商品化的汽车所有权模式,结构化了“低汽车化制度可供性”,汽车被置于特殊化结构中,成为一种“神圣化”的物品。以“汽车职务性地位象征”为内核的文化机制赋予了人们“低汽车消费欲望”的集体认知秩序,形塑了改革开放前中国独特的汽车化模式。The theory of automobility reflects an interaction between structure and culture. It predicts that different institutional structures and ideologies will produce different modes of automobility. This paper construct two concepts,“regime of automobility affordance”and“car consumption desires”, to analyze the uniqueness of the mode of automobility before China’s reform and opening up.Back then, China’s car production system which is outdated, the institutional structure that hinders consumption, the social structure that impedes mobility,and the models of car ownership which is non-commodified, had structuralized the“low regime of automobility affordance”, which put cars into a singular structure, making them sacralized objects. The cultural mechanism, which is centered by the“symbolic of leadership status of cars”, provides people people a collectively shared cognitive order with “low cars consumption desire”and shapes a unique mode of automobility in China before reform and opening up was implemented.

关 键 词：汽车化 物质文化 汽车文化 制度可供性 消费欲望 

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