标准必要专利许可商业惯例的司法意涵与功能实现  

Legal Certainty and Judicial Function of Commercial Practices for SEP Licensing

作　　者：马乐[1] 孔晓婷 Ma Le;Kong Xiaoting(East China University of Political Science and Law,Shanghai 200042,China)

机构地区：[1]华东政法大学,上海200042

出　　处：《科技与法律（中英文）》2023年第1期57-70,共14页Science Technology and Law（Chinese-English Version）

摘　　要：标准必要专利许可商业惯例是法院据以认定许可协议谈判双方的行为是否符合“公平、合理及非歧视(FRAND)”条件的重要参考因素。然而,国内外法院在援用商业惯例时缺乏对其意涵和内容的确定性解释,仅在概念意义上将其引入FRAND认定的司法方法。这既不利于实现司法裁判的稳定性与可预见性,也体现了标准必要专利许可商业惯例的共识性不足与碎片化状态。由各国政府主导制订的政策文件试图为标准必要专利许可生态系统提供规则框架和指南,其中的核心内容是对标准必要专利许可领域的商业惯例进行固化与优化。这种规则化尝试有利于凝聚共识,形成具有趋同性的标准必要专利许可商业惯例,进而为司法实践提供更具确定性的参考依据。我国作为标准必要专利许可的重要市场和争议解决的诉讼地应当积极进行该领域商业惯例的规则化实践和司法方法的完善,通过商业惯例司法运用的类型化构造在更好释放其谈判指引和司法裁判功能的同时强化我国在标准必要专利领域规则制订的话语权。Commercial practices for Standard Essential Patents(SEP) licensing is an important reference factor for courts to determine whether both parties comply with“Fair,Reasonable and Non-Discriminatory(FRAND)”.However,domestic and foreign courts have relied on commercial practices without a definitive interpretation of their substance,only used in a conceptual sense.This is not only adverse to the stability and predictability of judicial adjudication,but also reflects a lack of consensus and fragmentation of the judicial application of commercial practices for SEP licensing disputes.Governments formulated policy documents in order to provide frameworks and guidelines,which focus on codifying and optimizing commercial practices for SEP licensing.Such attempts are conducive to build consensus and the formation of convergent commercial practices for SEP licensing,which would further provide reference for judicial practice with greater legal certainty.As an important market and forum of litigation,China should actively carry out such regularization process and improve its judicial approach for the application of commercial practices,as well as structuring the judicial application rules in a categorical way so as to bring its guidance and judicial function into full play while strengthening China’s role of rule-maker in SEP licensing.

关 键 词：标准必要专利 FRAND 商业惯例 司法功能 规则化 

分 类 号：D923[政治法律—民商法学]