脊髓灰质炎疫苗免疫策略调整后不同免疫程序效果分析  

Analysis on the effects of different immunization schedules after the conversion of polio vaccine immunization strategy

作　　者：陈强[1] 冷红英[1] 戚宇华[1] 蒋同康 郭宏雄[1] Chen Qiang;Leng Hongying;Qi Yuhua;Jiang Tongkang;Guo Hongxiong(Jiangsu Provincial Center f or Disease Control and Prevention,Nanjing 210009,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省疾病预防控制中心,南京210009

出　　处：《中华实验和临床病毒学杂志》2022年第6期637-643,共7页Chinese Journal of Experimental and Clinical Virology

摘　　要：目的分析脊髓灰质炎疫苗免疫策略调整后不同免疫程序下儿童的免疫效果。方法于2018年和2021年两次脊髓灰质炎疫苗免疫策略调整后分别采集不同免疫程序儿童的血清标本,采用微量细胞中和试验法检测脊髓灰质炎病毒中和抗体,分析其抗体阳性率和几何平均滴度(geometric mean titer,GMT)。结果接受2剂次脊髓灰质炎灭活疫苗(inactivated polio vaccine,IPV)与2剂次2价口服脊髓灰质炎减毒活疫苗(bivalent live attenuated oral polio vaccine,bOPV)、1剂次IPV和3剂次bOPV免疫程序的儿童,Ⅰ型和Ⅲ型脊髓灰质炎病毒中和抗体阳性率均为100.00%,Ⅰ型抗体GMT均高于1∶300,Ⅲ型抗体GMT均接近1∶200;全程接种IPV的儿童,Ⅰ、Ⅲ型抗体阳性率分别为96.72%和95.08%,Ⅰ、Ⅲ型抗体GMT分别为1∶96.72和1∶48.72;仅接种3价口服脊髓灰质炎减毒活疫苗(trivalent live attenuated oral polio vaccine,tOPV)的儿童,Ⅰ、Ⅲ抗体阳性率分别为98.68%和96.05%,Ⅰ、Ⅲ型抗体GMT分别为1∶126.84和1∶68.22;接受3剂次tOPV和1剂次bOPV的儿童,Ⅰ、Ⅲ型抗体阳性率分别为100.00%和98.57%,Ⅰ、Ⅲ型抗体GMT分别为1∶214.21和1∶94.17。结论IPV与口服脊髓灰质炎减毒活疫苗(live attenuated oral polio vaccine,OPV)序贯免疫的儿童具有高水平的Ⅰ、Ⅲ型脊髓灰质炎病毒中和抗体阳性率与抗体GMT。Objective To analyze immune effects of children with different immunization schedules after the conversion of polio vaccine immunization strategy.Methods Serum samples of children with different immunization schedules were collected in 2018 and 2021 respectively.The neutralizing antibody against poliovirus was detected by micro cell neutralization test,and the antibody positive rate and geometric mean titer(GMT)were analyzed.Results The positive rates of neutralizing antibodies against type I and type III poliovirus in children immunized with two doses inactivated polio vaccine(IPV)and two doses bivalent live attenuated oral polio vaccine(bOPV),one dose IPV and 3 doses bOPV were both 100.00%.The GMT for type I poliovirus antibody were higher than 1∶300,and for type III poliovirus antibody were close to 1∶200.In children vaccinated with IPV,the positive rates of type I and III poliovirus antibodies were 96.72%and 95.08%,and the GMT for type I and III poliovirus antibodies were 1∶96.72 and 1∶48.72,respectively.In children vaccinated with trivalent live attenuated oral polio vaccine(tOPV)only,the positive rates of type I and III poliovirus antibodies were 98.68%and 96.05%,and the GMT for type I and III poliovirus antibodies were 1∶126.84 and 1∶68.22,respectively.In children vaccinated with three doses tOPV and one dose bOPV,the positive rates of type I and III poliovirus antibodies were 100.00%and 98.57%,and the GMT for type I and III poliovirus antibodies were 1∶214.21 and 1∶94.17,respectively.Conclusions Children who received sequential immunization with IPV and live attenuated oral polio vaccine(OPV)have a high level of positive rate and GMT of neutralizing antibody against poliovirus type I and III.

关 键 词：脊髓灰质炎疫苗 免疫策略 中和抗体 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]