2017—2020年上海市松江区乙型流感病毒病原学特征分析  

Analysis of etiological characteristics of influenza B virus in Songjiang district,Shanghai from 2017 to 2020

作　　者：刘玲 吴佳瑾 徐馨雨 姚霞菁 姜永根[1] 盛峰松[1] 乔雪飞[1] Liu Ling;Wu Jiajin;Xu Xinyu;Yao Xiajing;Jiang Yonggen;Sheng Fengsong;Qiao Xuefei(Shanghai Songjiang Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shanghai 201620,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市松江区疾病预防控制中心,上海201620

出　　处：《中华实验和临床病毒学杂志》2022年第6期671-677,共7页Chinese Journal of Experimental and Clinical Virology

基　　金：上海市卫健委青年项目(20174Y0087);上海市疾病预防控制青年骨干人才培养项目(21QNGG20)。

摘　　要：目的分析上海市松江区2017—2020年乙型流感病毒流行情况及其血凝素(hemagglutinin,HA)和神经氨酸酶(neuraminidase,NA)基因特征。方法使用实时荧光逆转录-聚合酶链式反应检测流感病毒疑似病例的标本,乙型流感病毒阳性标本接种犬肾细胞和鸡胚培养病毒。对乙型流感毒株HA和NA基因测序,序列进行基因进化及氨基酸变异分析,采用神经氨酸酶抑制实验研究毒株对奥司他韦和扎那米韦的敏感性。结果2017—2020年度松江区乙型流感病毒阳性率为14.24%(506/3554),主要流行季为冬春季,呈现B/Victoria和B/Yamagata亚型交替流行的特点。松江B/Victoria流行株主要位于1A(△3)B进化分支,少数位于1A及1A(△2)分支,与疫苗株B/Brisbane/60/2008相比,流行株HA和NA核苷酸同源性分别在97.62%~98.19%、98.11%~98.78%,1A(△3)B分支HA蛋白抗原决定簇区突变主要发生在120环和160环。B/Yamagata流行株均位于3进化分支,与疫苗株B/Phuket/3073/2013相比,HA(NA)核苷酸同源性98.71%~99.04%(98.69%~99.27%),未发现抗原决定簇区氨基酸改变。神经氨酸酶抑制实验显示,所测的乙型流感病毒对奥司他韦和扎那米韦均敏感。结论2017—2020年乙型流感病毒流行株与疫苗株抗原性匹配度不佳,需持续做好乙型流感病毒监测及病原学特征分析,为流感疫苗筛选及药物研发提供科学依据。Objective To analyze the prevalence of influenza B virus and its HA and NA genes characteristics during 2017—2020 in Songjiang district,Shanghai.Methods Samples from suspected cases of influenza were detected using real-time fluorescence reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction.Influenza B virus positive specimens were cultured by MDCK cells and embryonated chicken eggs.The hamagglutinin(HA)and neuraminidase(NA)genes of influenza virus B strains were sequenced and analyzed for gene evolution and amino acid variation.The sensitivity of the strains to oseltamivir and zanamivir was studied by neuraminidase inhibition assay.Results The positive rate of influenza B virus in Songjiang district from 2017 to 2020 was 14.24%(506/3554).Influenza B virus circulated mainly in winter-spring season and alternated between B/Victoria and B/Yamagata subtypes.Subclade 1A(△3)B was the predominant Victoria lineage circulating in Songjiang district.Otherwise,the remaining strains belonged to subclade 1A(△2)and clade 1A.Compared with vaccine strain B/Brisbane/60/2008,the nucleotide homology of circulating strains HA(NA)was 97.62%~98.19%(98.11%~98.78%).The mutations of HA in 1A(△3)B subclade mainly were in 120 loop and 160 loop.All the Yamagata strains circulating in Songjiang district belonged to clade 3.Compared with vaccine strain B/Phuket/3073/2013,the nucleotide homology of HA and NA were 98.71%~99.04%and 98.69%~99.27%,respectively.No amino acid change was found in the antigenic clusters.Neuraminidase inhibition assay showed that the influenza B virus strains were sensitive to both oseltamivir and zanamivir.Conclusions Inconsistence of the antigenicity between the vaccine strains and the circulating strains during 2017—2020,influenza B virus should be persistently monitored,including the epidemic situation and the etiological characteristics,which might be helpful in vaccine screening and drug development.

关 键 词：乙型流感病毒 血凝素 神经氨酸酶 基因特性 神经氨酸酶抑制剂 

分 类 号：R373.13[医药卫生—病原生物学]