猴痘疫情的现状以及挑战与展望  

Current status,challenge and prospect of monkeypox epidemic

作　　者：粟斌 窦豆[1] 方冬[1] Su Bin;Dou Dou;Fang Dong(Department of Health Sciences,National Natural Science Foundation of China,Beijing 100085,China;Beijing Key Laboratory for HIV/AIDS Research,Clinical and Research Center for Infectious Diseases,Beijing Youan Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100069,China)

机构地区：[1]国家自然科学基金委员会医学科学部,北京100085 [2]首都医科大学附属北京佑安医院,感染性疾病临床研究中心,艾滋病研究北京市重点实验室,北京100069

出　　处：《中华实验和临床病毒学杂志》2022年第6期712-718,共7页Chinese Journal of Experimental and Clinical Virology

基　　金：北京市卫生系统高层次公共卫生技术人才建设项目(2022-2-018);艾滋病研究北京市重点实验室(BZ0089)。

摘　　要：猴痘是由猴痘病毒感染引起的一种人兽共患病。2022年5月7日英国报道了今年首例猴痘确诊病例,此后数月内猴痘病例在欧美国家乃至全球范围数量激增。随着国外逐步放松对新冠疫情的管控措施,国际间交流日益增多,猴痘疫情具备了全球传播与扩散的适宜条件。目前猴痘疫情呈现波及范围广、传播速度快、疫源地不明确、人源性传播为主、社区传播及病毒变异加速等特征,已成为人类公共卫生健康事业面临的新威胁与挑战。各国政府都在积极寻找控制疫情的应对策略,防控相关部署已迫在眉睫,需要保持高度警惕。本文就猴痘的流行病学特征、生物学特征、临床特征、实验室检测、治疗及预防措施进行了综述,以期增加知识储备以应对国内可能出现的猴痘疫情。Monkeypox is a zoonosis caused by monkeypox virus infection.Since the report of the first confirmed case in the United Kingdom on May 7,2022,monkeypox epidemic has surged worldwide within just several months,especially in Europe and the United States.The loose control of the COVID-19 pandemic abroad and the increasing international exchanges further nourish favorable conditions for the global transmission of monkeypox epidemic.At present,the epidemic situation of monkeypox presents the characteristics of a wide range of spread,rapid transmission,unclear foci,mainly human-derived sexual transmission,community transmission and accelerated virus mutation.The monkeypox epidemic has become a new threat and challenge that human public health has to face.Governments are actively looking for countermeasures to control the epidemic.Preparation related to prevention and control is imminent and needs to be highly vigilant.This article reviews the epidemiological,biological,and clinical characteristics,laboratory tests,antiviral therapy and preventive measures of monkeypox to increase the knowledge reserve to cope with the possible epidemic situation of monkeypox in China.

关 键 词：猴痘疫情 猴痘病毒 疫苗 抗病毒治疗 

分 类 号：R511[医药卫生—内科学] R181.8[医药卫生—临床医学]