轴承间隙对轴承振动影响的理论模型与试验研究  

Theoretical Model and Experimental Study on Influence of Bearing Inner Clearance on Bearing Vibration

作　　者：汪凯 江胜飞 胡波[1] 张晓东[3] WANG Kai;JIANG Shengfei;HU Bo;ZHANG Xiaodong(Department of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Chengdu University of Technology,Chengdu 610059,China;PetroChina Southwest Oil and Gas Field Company,Luzhou 646000,Sichuan,China;College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Southwest Petroleum University,Chengdu 610500,China)

机构地区：[1]成都理工大学机电工程学院,成都610059 [2]中石油西南油气田分公司,四川泸州646000 [3]西南石油大学机电工程学院,成都610500

出　　处：《机械科学与技术》2023年第1期67-74,共8页Mechanical Science and Technology for Aerospace Engineering

基　　金：成都理工大学骨干教师计划项目(10912-JXGG2020-06799)。

摘　　要：传动设备在安装和运行过程中,都会存在轴承间隙问题,它是影响轴承使用性能的因素之一,因此对轴承间隙的研究具有重要的理论意义与工程价值。为了确定轴承内间隙对轴承振动的影响,从轴承振动的动力学特性入手,建立了2-DOF滚动轴承的理论模型。对测试的轴承,基于赫兹弹性接触理论分析滚动轴承动力学特性,轴承内圈平衡点的个数取决于轴承间隙的大小。当轴承间隙e<4.5μm时,有一个稳定的平衡点,而且在平衡点中心附近,轴承内圈存在周期振动;当轴承间隙e≥4.5μm时,随着轴承间隙和转速的不断增加,系统会产生混沌振动,发生混沌振动的区域也不断增多。同时,对127滚动轴承的台架实验结果表明:在相同的阻尼参数、轴承尺寸和转速下,由实验数据得到的奇异吸引子的结果与通过求解运动方程结果接近,这种定性的结果不仅证实了轴承混沌行为的存在,而且验证了理论模型的可靠性。During the installation and operation of transmission equipment,there always are bearing clearance problems,which is also one of the main reasons for bearing failure.Therefore,the research on the bearing clearance has important theoretical significance and engineering value.In order to determine the influence of bearing clearance on bearing vibration,the theoretical model of 2-DOF rolling bearing was established based on the dynamic characteristics of bearing vibration.For the tested bearing,the dynamic characteristics of the rolling bearing is analyzed based on the Hertz-elastic contact theory.It is known that the number of balance points of the inner ring of the bearing depends on the clearance of the bearing.When there is a gap(e<4.5μm)in the bearing,there is the stable equilibrium point,and near the center of the balance point,there is periodic vibration in the inner ring of the bearing.When there is a gap(e≥4.5μm),as the gap and the rotational speed of the bearing increase continuously,the system will generate chaotic vibration,and the area where chaotic vibration occurs is also increasing.At the same time,the experimental results of the 127 rolling bearing shows that under the same damping parameters,bearing size and rotational speed,the results of the singular attractors obtained from the experimental data are close to those obtained by solving the equation of motion.This qualitative result not only confirms the existence of bearing chaotic behavior,but also verifies the reliability of the theoretical model.

关 键 词：轴承间隙 混沌 动力学特性 试验验证 

分 类 号：TH113.1[机械工程—机械设计及理论]