三江平原不同植被类型湿地土壤微生物碳源代谢多样性特征  

Diversity Characteristics of Soil Microbial Carbon Source Metabolism in Wetlands with Different Vegetation Types in the Sanjiang Plain

作　　者：朱梦圆 宋艳宇[1] 高思齐 宫超[1] 刘桢迪 马秀艳 袁佳宝 杨旭[3] ZHU Mengyuan;SONG Yanyu;GAO Siqi;GONG Chao;LIU Zhendi;MA Xiuyan;YUAN Jiabao;YANG Xu(Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment/Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changchun 130102,P.R.China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,P.R.China;College of Geographical Science/Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Geographical Environment Monitoring and Spatial Information Service in Cold Regions,Harbin Normal University,Harbin 150025,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所/中国科学院湿地生态与环境重点实验室,吉林长春130102 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]哈尔滨师范大学地理科学学院/寒区地理环境监测与空间信息服务黑龙江省重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150025

出　　处：《生态环境学报》2022年第12期2310-2319,共10页Ecology and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：吉林省科技发展计划项目(20210101091JC);国家自然科学基金项目(41871090,41730643)。

摘　　要：土壤微生物在植被养分积累和释放过程中起着关键作用,对湿地生态系统碳循环具有重要意义。为明确三江平原不同植被类型湿地土壤微生物群落代谢多样性的差异,选取三江平原甜茅(Glyceriaacutiflorasubsp.japonica)、薹草(Carex lasiocarpa)、小叶章(Deyeuxiapurpurea)、水稻(Oryzasativa)、芦苇(Phragmitesaustralis)5种不同植被类型湿地为研究对象,基于Biolog-Eco技术,分析不同植被类型湿地土壤微生物碳源代谢多样性特征。结果表明,不同植被类型湿地土壤微生物的代谢活性(AWCD)随培养时间的延长逐渐增大,在48 h内微生物利用碳源的能力较弱,48—168 h期间微生物代谢活性快速增加,168h后步入平稳期。其中甜茅湿地0—15cm土壤微生物的代谢活性最高,AWCD值达到0.82。土壤微生物Shannon丰富度指数(H′)、Shannon-evenness均匀度指数(E)、Simpson优势度指数(D)和McIntosh多样性指数(U)均表现为甜茅湿地最高,芦苇湿地最低。三江平原不同植被类型湿地土壤微生物对碳源利用能力表现出差异,甜茅湿地、薹草湿地和水稻湿地对氨基酸类和多聚物类碳源具有更高的利用能力,小叶章湿地更倾向于利用氨基酸类和有机酸类碳源,芦苇湿地对氨基酸类和胺类碳源的利用能力更高。相关分析表明,不同植被类型湿地土壤微生物代谢活性和Shannon指数、Shannon-evenness指数和McIntosh指数均与土壤微生物量碳含量呈显著正相关关系,土壤微生物Shannon指数、Shannon-evenness指数、Simpson指数与土壤pH值呈显著正相关关系,说明湿地植被类型和土壤活性碳含量是影响土壤微生物活性和多样性的重要因子,而且土壤微生物多样性与土壤pH密切相关。Soil microorganisms play a key role in the process of vegetation nutrient accumulation and release,which are of great significance to wetland ecosystems.In order to clarify the differences in soil microbial community metabolic diversity in wetlands with different vegetation types in Sanjiang Plain,five wetlands with different vegetation types,including Glyceria acutiflora subsp.japonica,Carex lasiocarpa,Deyeuxia purpurea,Oryza sativa,and Phragmites australis were selected as the research objects.Based on Biolog-Eco method,the variation characteristics of soil microbial carbon metabolic diversity in wetlands with different vegetation types were analyzed.The results showed that the metabolic activity(AWCD)of wetland soil microorganisms increased gradually with the extension of cultivation time under different vegetation types;the ability of microorganisms to utilize carbon sources was weak within 48h;the metabolic activity of microorganisms increased rapidly during 48–168 h;and the growth of soil microorganisms entered a stable period after 168h.The metabolic activity of 0–15 cm soil microorganisms in Glyceria acutiflora subsp.japonica wetland was the highest,and the AWCD value reached 0.82.Soil microbial Shannon richness index(H′),Shannon-evenness index(E),Simpson dominance index(D)and McIntosh diversity index(U)were the highest in Glyceria acutiflora subsp.japonica wetland and lowest in Phragmites australis wetland.Soil microorganisms of different vegetation types in the Sanjiang Plain showed different abilities for the total carbon source utilization:Glyceria acutiflora subsp.japonica wetland,Carex lasiocarpa wetland and Oryza sativa wetland had higher utilization abilities for amino acids and polymers carbon sources;Deyeuxia purpurea wetland was more inclined to use amino acids and carboxylic acids carbon source,and Phragmites australis wetland had higher utilization ability for amino acids and amines carbon source.Correlation analysis showed that the metabolic activity,Shannon index,Shannon-evenness inde

关 键 词：三江平原湿地 土壤微生物 碳源利用 多样性指数 Biolog-Eco微平板法 

分 类 号：S154.3[农业科学—土壤学] X172[农业科学—农业基础科学]