问卷是否有效——基于2010-2020年CSSCI收录体育期刊文献的系统分析  

Are Questionnaires Valid or Not:A Systematic Analysis Based on Articles from CSSCI Sport Academic Journals from 2010 to 2020

作　　者：柯友枝 孙建刚[2] 李博 刘阳[1,4] KE Youzhi;SUN Jiangang;LI Bo;LIU Yang(School of Physical Education,Shanghai University of Sport,Shanghai 200438,China;School of Physical Education,West Anhui University,Lu'an 237012,Anhui,China;Institute of Sports Science,Nantong University,Nantong 226019,Jiangsu,China;Shanghai Research Center for Physical Fitness and Health of Children and Adolescents,Shanghai 200438,China)

机构地区：[1]上海体育学院体育教育学院,上海200438 [2]皖西学院体育教育学院,安徽六安237012 [3]南通大学体育科学学院,江苏南通226019 [4]上海市学生体质健康研究中心,上海200438

出　　处：《上海体育学院学报》2023年第2期37-47,103,共12页Journal of Shanghai University of Sport

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目(19BTY077)。

摘　　要：问卷调查法是当前体育科学研究中最常用的方法之一,问卷效度是评价调查问卷可靠性和有效性的重要指标。采用文献资料、数理统计等方法,对2010—2020年中文社会科学引文索引(CSSCI)收录的9本体育类期刊中采用问卷调查法的文献进行分析,总结问卷调查法效度检验现状。结果显示:在1375篇使用问卷调查法的文献中,有701篇文献(51%)进行了效度检验,其余674篇(49%)未对调查问卷的效度进行报告或说明;对问卷效度测评类型明确说明的文献有547篇(39.8%),无明确说明的有828篇(60.2%);存在结构效度检验缺乏规范性、内容效度检验缺乏严谨性、误用引入问卷的效度等问题。提出问卷调查法中内容效度、结构效度和效标效度检验的优化建议与应用流程,以提升问卷调查法在体育科学研究中应用的规范化和科学化水平。Questionnaire research is one of the most commonly used methods in the current sports science research,in which the validity is an important indicator to evaluate the reliability and validity of the questionnaire.By literature review and statistical analysis,the articles which applied questionnaire method from nine sports academic journals included in the Chinese Social Science Citation Index(CSSCI)from 2010 to 2020 were analyzed.The current status of testing the validity of questionnaires were summed up.A total of 1375 articles using the questionnaire method were included,and 701(51%)articles tested the validity,while another 674(49%)articles did not report or explain the validity of the questionnaires.547 articles(39.8%)clearly demonstrated the types for testing the validity while 828(60.2%)did not.Other problems involved the lack of standardization in the application of construct validity,the lack of rigor in the application of content validity,and the misuse of validity of the questionnaire.In view of this,the application methods of content validity,construct validity and criterion validity in the questionnaire research method were proposed in order to improve the standardization and scientific application of the questionnaire method in sports science research.

关 键 词：体育科学 研究方法 问卷调查法 效度 体育期刊 CSSCI 

分 类 号：G80-05[文化科学—运动人体科学]