生物法抑制硫酸盐还原菌在油田的应用研究进展  

Research and Application Progress of Biological Inhibition of Sulfate Reducing Bacteria in Oilfield

作　　者：陶建强 Tao Jianqiang(SINOPEC Xinjiang Xinchun Petroleum Development Co.,Ltd.,Shandong,Dongying,262500)

机构地区：[1]中国石化新疆新春石油开发有限责任公司,山东东营262500

出　　处：《安全、健康和环境》2023年第1期49-57,共9页Safety Health & Environment

基　　金：国家重点研发项目(2018YFA0702400),稠油化学复合冷采基础研究与工业示范;中国石化科技攻关项目(P20058),胜利2020年油气开采基础前瞻项目。

摘　　要：硫酸盐还原菌(SRB)给油田带来诸多危害,其代谢产生的硫化氢会引起管线腐蚀、危害作业人员生命健康,传统的杀菌剂抑制SRB的方法存在药剂消耗大、细菌产生耐药性导致效果变差等问题,生物法抑制SRB技术是近些年发展起来的新技术,通过激活硝酸盐还原菌群与SRB竞争生活空间和营养底物,从而抑制SRB。先从SRB引起油藏变酸、导致腐蚀和造成聚合物黏度损失等方面论述了其危害,进而从竞争营养底物、硫氧化细菌氧化硫离子、微生物对NO-3的优先利用、中间产物抑制、提高氧化还原电位等方面阐述了生物法抑制SRB的技术原理,在总结国内外生物法抑制SRB现场应用情况及效果的基础上,对存在的技术问题和发展趋势进行了展望,以期为该技术的成功规模化应用提供借鉴与参考。Sulfate reducing bacteria(SRB)bring many hazards to oil fields.The hydrogen sulfide produced by their metabolism will cause pipeline corrosion and endanger the life and health of operators.Traditional methods of inhibiting SRBS with fungicides have problems such as large drug consumption and poor effect due to bacterial resistance.Biological inhibition of SRB is a new technology developed in recent years.SRB are inhibited by activating nitrate reducing bacteria to compete with SRB for living space and nutrient substrate.In this paper,the harmfulness of SRB in terms of causing reservoir acidification,corrosion and polymer viscosity loss was discussed firstly.Secondly,the principle of biological SRB inhibition technology in terms of competitive nutrient substrate,sulfur oxidizing bacteria oxidizing sulfur ions,preferential utilization of NO-3by microorganisms,inhibition of intermediate products,and improvement of oxidation reduction potential were expounded.On the basis of summarizing the field application and effect of biological SRB inhibition at home and abroad,the existing problems and development trend of the technology were prospected in order to provide reference for the successful large-scale application of the technology.

关 键 词：硫酸盐还原菌 硝酸盐还原菌 生物竞争抑制 抑制机理 腐蚀 

分 类 号：TE980[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]