不同采收时期和不同性别的梅花鹿尾化学成分对比分析  

Comparative Analysis of Chemical Constituents of Sika Deer Tail in Different Harvesting Periods and Genders

作　　者：赵丽娟 李志满 张燕停 张悦[1] 孙印石[1] ZHAO Lijuan;LI Zhiman;ZHANG Yanting;ZHANG Yue;SUN Yinshi(Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Changchun 130112,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院特产研究所,吉林长春130112

出　　处：《特产研究》2023年第1期23-31,38,共10页Special Wild Economic Animal and Plant Research

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFC1706604,2018YFC1706605);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(1610342020018,125161034-2021-016);吉林省科技计划发展项目(20200708070YY)。

摘　　要：对比分析生茸期公鹿尾、生茸期母鹿尾、发情期公鹿尾和发情期母鹿尾7类化学成分差异,采用超高效液相色谱仪、快速定氮仪、气相色谱同采收时期和性别的鹿尾中核苷、粗蛋白、水解氨基酸、脂肪酸、激素、无机元素和总多糖含量。结果发现,核苷含量分别为3.69 g/kg、4.00 g/kg、4.02 g/kg和3.77 g/kg,各组间无显著差异。粗蛋白含量为发情期母鹿尾(77.00%)>生茸期母鹿尾(75.10%)>发情期公鹿尾(74.40%)>生茸期公鹿尾(73.40%),组间差异具有统计学意义。水解氨基酸含量分别为53.71%、60.36%、49.16%和54.11%,各组间无显著差异。脂肪酸含量为生茸期公鹿尾(19.10 g/kg)>发情期公鹿尾(7.79 g/kg)和生茸期母鹿尾(7.51 g/kg)>发情期母鹿尾(3.11 g/kg)(P<0.01)。激素含量为发情期母鹿尾(100.23 ng/g)>发情期公鹿尾(92.41 ng/g)>生茸期母鹿尾(35.38 ng/g)>生茸期公鹿尾(28.89 ng/g),组间差异具有统计学意义。无机元素含量为发情期母鹿尾(36.11 g/kg)>发情期公鹿尾(34.19 g/kg)>生茸期母鹿尾(31.15 g/kg)和生茸期公鹿尾(29.65g/kg)(P<0.01)。多糖含量以发情期母鹿尾最低,为2.93g/kg,显著低于生茸期公鹿尾(4.93g/kg)、生茸期母鹿尾(4.83 g/kg)和发情期公鹿尾(5.61 g/kg)(P<0.05)。结果表明,不同时期采收的鹿尾化学成分有差异,粗蛋白、激素和无机元素含量在发情期鹿尾中较高,脂肪酸含量在生茸期鹿尾中较高,核苷、水解氨基酸和多糖含量无显著差异。不同性别的鹿尾化学成分有差异,母鹿尾中粗蛋白和激素含量较高,公鹿尾中多糖和脂肪酸含量较高,核苷、水解氨基酸和无机元素含量无显著差异。本研究首次较为全面地分析了不同采收时期、不同性别的鹿尾化学成分差异,对阐明不同时期和性别的鹿尾营养差别具有重要的参考价值。The seven kinds chemical components of male deer tail in antler stage,female deer tail in antler stage,male deer tail in estrus stage and female deer tail in estrus stage were compared and analyzed,using ultra high performance liquid chromatograph,quick nitrogen determination apparatus,gas chromatography-mass spectrometry instrument,ultra high performance liquid chromatography-tandem quadrupole mass spectrometry,inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometer,ultraviolet spectrophotometer,respectively test different harvesting time and gender in the deer’s tail of nucleoside hydrolysis,crude protein,amino acids,fatty acids,hormones,inorganic elements and total polysaccharide content.Results found that the nucleoside contents were 3.69 g/kg,4.00 g/kg,4.02 g/kg and 3.77 g/kg,respectively,and there was no significant difference among all groups.Crude protein content of sika deer tail showed that estrus female(77.00%)>antlers female(75.10%)>estrus male(74.40%)>antlers male(73.40%),the difference between groups was statistically significant.The hydrolyzed amino acid contents were 53.71%,60.36%,49.16%and 54.11%,respectively,and there was no significant difference among all groups.The fatty acid content of sika deer tail showed that antlers male(19.10 g/kg)>estrus male(7.79 g/kg)and antlers female(7.51 g/kg)(P<0.05)>estrus female(3.11 g/kg)(P<0.01).The hormone content of sika deer tail showed that female in estrus(100.23 ng/g)>male in estrus(92.41 ng/g)>female in antler stage(35.38 ng/g)>male in antler stage(28.89 ng/g),the difference between groups was statistically significant.The contents of inorganic elements in the sika deer tail showed that female in estrus(36.11 g/kg)>male in estrus(34.19 g/kg)(P<0.05)>female in antler stage(31.15 g/kg)and male in antler stage(29.65 g/kg)(P<0.01).The lowest polysaccharide content of female tail in estrus was 2.93 g/kg,which was significantly lower than that of male in antler stage(4.93 g/kg),female in antler stage(4.83 g/kg)and male in estrus stage(5.61 g/kg)(P<0.05).It is con

关 键 词：采收时期 不同性别 梅花鹿尾 化学成分 

分 类 号：R284.1[医药卫生—中药学]