树冠遮阴下水稻成熟期的差异及延后收割对千粒质量的影响试验  

Experiment on the Difference of Rice Maturity under Canopy Shading and the Effect of Delayed Harvest on Grain Weight

作　　者：顾品强 姚瑶 姚寅秋 徐相明 Gu Pinqiang;Yao Yao;Yao Yinqiu;Xu Xiangming(Fengxian District Meteorological Bureau,Shanghai 201416,China;Shanghai Ocean Center Meteorological Station,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市奉贤区气象局,上海201416 [2]上海市海洋中心气象台,上海201306

出　　处：《农业技术与装备》2022年第12期5-6,11,共3页Agricultural Technology & Equipment

基　　金：上海市气象局科技开发项目团队培养项目(TD201819)。

摘　　要：通过对比树冠自然遮阴形成的遮阴和向阳水稻成熟期、粒质量等观测数据,分析了遮阴对水稻成熟和延后收割对粒质量的影响。结果表明:同一时间移栽水稻,抽穗扬花期期遮阴比向阳仅晚2 d左右,成熟期遮阴比向阳偏晚19 d,遮阴主要使水稻籽粒灌浆时间延长。向阳、遮阴水稻粒质量在灌浆成熟期至延后收割期间均呈“⌒”型变化,两者千粒质量最高值均为25.67 g,水稻成熟偏早(11月10日前),气温较高,成熟后5~7 d达到最高,水稻成熟偏晚(11月11日—25日),气温降低,成熟后10~12 d达到最高。该研究结果可供从事水稻生产者参考借鉴。The effects of shading on rice grain weight were analyzed by using the observation data of natural canopy shading and rice grain weight. The results showed that at the same time, the shading ratio at heading and flowering stage was only 2 d later than that at maturity stage, and it was 19 d later than that at maturity stage. The grain weight of rice with sun and shade varied from grainfilling stage to late harvest stage, the highest value of 1 000-grain weight of both was 25.67 g, the rice ripening was earlier(before November 10), the temperature was higher, the rice reached its peak at 5~7 d after ripening, and reached its peak at 10~12 d after ripening due to late ripening(November 11 to 25) and lower temperature. The results can be used for reference by rice producers.

关 键 词：水稻 遮挡 粒质量 延后收割 气象要素 

分 类 号：S511.5[农业科学—作物学]