知识导向型社区旅游中知识精英成长机制研究  

A Study on the Mechanism of Intellectual Elites’ Development in the Knowledge-oriented Community Tourism

作　　者：李贵清 解佳 刘俊 LI Guiqing;XIE Jia;LIU Jun(School of Tourism Management,South China Normal University,Guangzhou 510006,China;Research Center for Study Tour and Leisure Education,South China Normal University,Guangzhou 510006,China)

机构地区：[1]华南师范大学旅游管理学院,广东广州510006 [2]华南师范大学研学旅行与休闲教育研究中心,广东广州510006

出　　处：《旅游学刊》2023年第1期109-121,共13页Tourism Tribune

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“基于媒介地理视角的乡村旅游地‘主客共享空间’建构研究”(42001149);广东省社会科学基金项目“生态教育提升自然保护地乡村韧性的机制研究:以广东丹霞山为例”(GD22CYJ24)共同资助。

摘　　要：社区精英是实现社区旅游良性发展的关键力量,因此,社区精英的成长机制一直是学界关注的重点。文章以广东丹霞山为案例地,关注其在由山岳观光景区向科普研学旅游目的地转型过程中成长起来的知识精英,以生命历程理论为分析框架,力图揭示知识导向型社区旅游中知识精英的成长过程和机制。研究发现:(1)知识精英的成长过程先后经历了本土先锋、科普达人、知识精英3个阶段。知识精英在3个成长阶段的知识学习类型与知识输出行为具有差异,层次上不断递进。(2)知识精英的成长是社会层面、目的地层面和个体层面多因素共同作用的结果。与以往社区精英成长的促进因素不同,知识精英的成长更多依靠的是“新旅游知识”资本。(3)知识精英是我国社区旅游发展中出现的新类型,是推动社区旅游高质量发展的主导力量。该研究为培养社区精英提供了新视角,并为国内外其他旅游地探索转型和人才培养提供参考路径。Since the community elite is considered as the key to the development of community tourism, the mechanism of their development has always been concerned by the academia. Taking Mt.Danxiashan in Guangdong province as a case, this paper focuses on the emergence and development of“intellectual elite”when Mt. Danxiashan’s transforming from a traditional scenic area to an educational tourist destination. Applying the life course theory as the analytical framework, this paper tries to elaborate the process and mechanism of the local elites’ development in a knowledge-oriented tourism community. The findings are as follows:(1) The growth of intellectual elites has experienced three stages: becoming a local pioneer, developing into an expert of science popularization, and becoming an intellectual elite. There are differences between the types of knowledge acquiring and the behavior of knowledge output in the three progressive stages. In the first stage, they mainly learned professional scientific knowledge, especially the knowledge of Danxia landscape. The knowledge output behavior referred to popularize this scientific knowledge as tourist guide. In the second stage,they mainly learned comprehensive local knowledge, such as local biology knowledge and local culture. Knowledge output behavior referred to develop the local knowledge into tourism products. In the third stage, they mainly learned the concept of sustainable development and other relevant knowledge, and their knowledge output behavior mainly referred to participate in the community’s governance.(2) The growth of intellectual elites is the result of multiple factors at three different levels,namely the society, the tourist destinations and the individuals in the community. Different from the factors promoting the growth of community elite, the growth of intellectual elite depends more on“new tourism knowledge”.“New tourism knowledge”refers to local knowledge such as geological and geomorphological knowledge, culture and tradition, ecological

关 键 词：社区参与 社区精英 知识精英 旅游人才培养 丹霞山 

分 类 号：F59[经济管理—旅游管理]