硫柳汞对疫苗抗原活性的影响及其作用机制  

Effect of thimerosal on vaccine antigen activity and its mechanism

作　　者：张秀丽 张志刚(综述) 赵勤俭(审校)[1] ZHANG Xiu-li;ZHANG Zhi-gang;ZHAO Qin-jian(School of Public Health,Xiamen University,State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases,Xiamen 361102,Fujian Province,China)

机构地区：[1]厦门大学公共卫生学院分子疫苗学和分子诊断学国家重点实验室、国家传染病诊断试剂与疫苗工程技术研究中心,福建厦门361102

出　　处：《中国生物制品学杂志》2023年第1期119-123,共5页Chinese Journal of Biologicals

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(32070925)。

摘　　要：硫柳汞作为防腐剂常被用于生物制品,尤其是疫苗中。目前,大多数国家已将硫柳汞从单剂量疫苗中移除,但其仍广泛应用于多剂量疫苗中。硫柳汞作为疫苗制剂中的组分,应与其他成分相互兼容,尤其不能损害抗原的活性。但近年来多项研究报道,硫柳汞可致疫苗抗原的抗原性和免疫原性降低,尤其是含有或富含半胱氨酸(cysteine,Cys)的蛋白抗原,提示将硫柳汞作为疫苗防腐剂时应充分考察其对疫苗抗原活性的影响。本文对硫柳汞对2种灭活疫苗和3种重组蛋白疫苗抗原性和免疫原性的影响及其可能的作用机制作一综述,为疫苗防腐剂的合理选择提供参考。Thimerosal is commonly used as a preservative in biological products,especially in vaccines.Although it has been removed from single-dose vaccines in most countries,thimerosal is still widely used in multi-dose vaccines at present.Thimerosal,as a component in vaccine preparation,should be compatible with other components,especially should not damage the activity of antigen.However,in recent years,many studies have reported that thiomersal can reduce the antigenicity and immunogenicity of vaccine antigens,especially protein antigens containing or rich in cysteine(Cys),suggesting that the effect of thimerosal on vaccine antigen activity should be fully evaluated when it is used as a vaccine preservative.In this paper,the effects of thimerosal on antigenicity and immunogenicity of two inactivated vaccines and three recombinant protein vaccines and the possible mechanisms were reviewed,in order to provide reference for rational selection of vaccine preservatives.

关 键 词：硫柳汞 蛋白抗原 抗原性 免疫原性 

分 类 号：R392[医药卫生—免疫学]