基于涡流脉冲热成像的焊缝表面多缺陷检测  

Multi-defect Detection of Welding Surface Based on Eddy Current Pulse Thermography

作　　者：王传钊 姜秀海 晁永生[1] 王永兵 王勇勇 WANG Chuanzhao;JIANG Xiuhai;CHAO Yongsheng;WANG Yongbing;WANG Yongyong(College of Mechanical Engineering,Xinjiang University,Urumqi Xinjiang 830017,China;Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Special Equipment Inspection and Research Institute,Urumqi Xinjiang 830047,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆大学机械工程学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830017 [2]新疆维吾尔自治区特种设备检验研究院,新疆乌鲁木齐830047

出　　处：《红外技术》2023年第1期84-90,共7页Infrared Technology

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金项目(2020D01A104)。

摘　　要：焊缝表面气孔缺陷的存在减少了工件的有效截面积,降低了工件抵抗外载荷的能力,严重时会导致工件断裂,为此提出一种基于涡流脉冲热成像技术的焊缝表面多缺陷检测方法。首先,采用一种新型电磁传感器结构,通过涡流脉冲热成像原理对不同直径和深度的碳钢缺陷进行检测,并分析了图像序列中缺陷区域与非缺陷区域的温度信号;为了提高该检测系统的灵敏度,采用主成分分析方法对图像序列进行图像重构,增强原始图像中缺陷特征。最后,通过实验验证了该方法,实验结果表明该方法能够减小焊缝边缘效应的影响,实现对焊缝表面缺陷的大面积检测,并为红外热像仪提供一个开放的视野。The existence of porosity defects on the weld surface reduces the effective cross-sectional area of the workpiece and the ability of the workpiece to resist external loads, which leads to workpiece fracture in serious cases. Therefore, a multi-defect detection method for weld surfaces based on eddy current pulse thermography technology is proposed. First, a new electromagnetic sensor structure is adopted to detect carbon steel defects with different diameters and depths through the principle of eddy current pulse thermography, and the temperature signals of the defect and non-defect areas in the image sequence are analyzed. To improve the sensitivity of the detection system, principal component analysis(PCA) is used to reconstruct the image sequence and enhance the defect features in the original image. Finally, the proposed method was verified experimentally. The experimental results show that this method can reduce the influence of the weld edge effect,realize large-area detection of weld surface defects, and provide an open field of vision for infrared thermal imaging.

关 键 词：焊缝气孔 涡流脉冲热成像 缺陷检测 主成分分析 

分 类 号：TH811.2[机械工程—仪器科学与技术]