溪洛渡水电站坝下游河道非恒定流特性研究  

Study on unsteady flow characteristics in downstream channel of Xiluodu Hydropower Station

作　　者：杜泽东 董先勇 秦蕾蕾 杨天冉 DU Zedong;DONG Xianyong;QIN Leilei;YANG Tianran(China Three Gorges Construction Engineering Corporation,Chengdu 610041,China;China Three Gorges Corporation,Wuhan 430010,China)

机构地区：[1]中国三峡建工(集团)有限公司,四川成都610041 [2]中国长江三峡集团有限公司,湖北武汉430010

出　　处：《人民长江》2023年第1期200-205,共6页Yangtze River

基　　金：国家自然科学基金长江水科学研究联合基金项目(U2040217)。

摘　　要：溪洛渡水电站运行时坝下游河道形成的强烈非恒定流将对下游航运产生影响。为保障航运安全,掌握电站运行时下游河道非恒定流特性,以原型观测数据率定物理模型参数,设置不同初始流量、流量变幅、流量变化率,采用物理模型试验深入研究了溪洛渡水电站坝下游15 km长河道的非恒定流特性。结果表明:溪洛渡水电站坝下游河道在非汛期均位于向家坝水电站回水影响范围内,汛期桧溪水位站以上河道水面存在明显比降;溪洛渡水电站坝下游河道水位变化率与下泄流量变化率呈正相关,最大垂线平均流速均与水电站下泄流量呈正相关;水位变化率和最大垂线平均流速变幅对流量变化率的响应更为敏感,受初始恒定流量的影响不大;向家坝水电站运行水位越高,溪洛渡水电站下游河道水位变幅和断面垂线平均流速越小。During the operation of Xiluodu Hydropower Station,the strong unsteady flow formed in the downstream channel of the dam will affect the downstream navigation.In order to ensure the safety of shipping and master the unsteady flow characteristics of the downstream river channel during the operation of the hydropower station,the physical model parameters were calibrated with the prototype observation data firstly,and then the test schemes of different initial flow,flow amplitude and flow rate variability were set up.Then the unsteady flow characteristics of the 15 km long river channel downstream of Xiluodu Dam were studied by physical model test.The results showed that the downstream river channel of Xiluodu Dam was located in the backwater influence range of Xiangjiaba Reservoir in non-flood season,and there was obvious gradient on the water surface of the river channel above the Huixi water level station in flood season.The water level variability of the downstream river channel of Xiluodu Hydropower Station was positively correlated with the discharge variability,moreover,the maximum vertical average velocity was also positively correlated with the discharge of the hydropower station.The water level variability and the maximum vertical average velocity amplitude were more sensitive to the flow variability,and less affected by the initial constant flow.The higher the operating water level of Xiangjiaba Hydropower Station was,the smaller the water level amplitude of the downstream river channel and the average vertical velocity of a section were.

关 键 词：非恒定流 水位变幅 水位变化率 垂线平均流速 物理模型 溪洛渡水电站 

分 类 号：TV133.2[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]