稻米油脱臭馏出物中角鲨烯分离与纯化工艺的研究  

Separation and purification of squalene from rice oil deodorizer distillate

作　　者：张欢 贾怡文 陈小威[1,2] 孙尚德[1,2] ZHANG Huan;JIA Yiwen;CHEN Xiaowei;SUN Shangde(College of Food Science and Engineering,Henan University of Technology,Zhengzhou 450001,China;Henan Engineering Research Center of Oil Seed Deep Processing,Henan University of Technology,Zhengzhou 450001,China)

机构地区：[1]河南工业大学粮油食品学院,河南郑州450001 [2]河南工业大学河南省油料深加工工程研究中心,河南郑州450001

出　　处：《河南工业大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第6期30-36,共7页Journal of Henan University of Technology：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：“十四五”国家重点研发计划(2021YFD2100302-5);河南工业大学粮油食品科学国家工程实验/省重点实验室开放课题(NL2021002)。

摘　　要：为扩大角鲨烯的可持续性天然来源,提升油脂加工副产物的利用价值,考察了皂化因素对稻米油脱臭馏出物中角鲨烯富集的影响,利用柱层析技术对角鲨烯进行了纯化。结果表明:初步富集角鲨烯的最佳提取条件为皂化温度70℃、皂化时间60 min、料液比(稻米油脱臭馏出物与氢氧化钾溶液的比)1∶6 g/mL、碱浓度2.0 mol/L;随着萃取剂正己烷用量的增加,角鲨烯提取率升高,但不利于角鲨烯的纯化;薄层色谱证实正己烷可作为角鲨烯柱层析纯化的洗脱剂,在柱层析纯化后得到角鲨烯的回收率为94%,纯度为85%。通过皂化-柱层析联用可将稻米油脱臭馏出物中角鲨烯与其他物质有效分离,且纯度较高。Squalene is a natural compound with many functional features in inhibiting lipid oxidation, antitumor, and anticancer, preventing cardiovascular disease, and lowing low-density lipoprotein and blood cholesterol. However, the lack of sustainable natural sources and efficient extraction methods limits the application of squalene in food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical fields. Rice oil deodorizer distillate(RODD) is a by-product of the rice oil refining process, enriching in a lot of squalene. In the present work, a collaborative technology of saponification and column chromatography was employed to isolate and purify squalene from RODD, which not only expands the sustainable natural source of squalene, but also improves the high-value of rice oil processing by-products. The goal of this work was to obtain a quantitative analysis of the separation processes and to assess the feasibility of this method to isolate squalene. Results of studies on selection of optimum condition for extraction by saponification conditions, i.e. temperature, time, solid-liquid ratio and alkali concentration of process and effect of sample pre-treatment on extraction yield were presented. The results indicated that the optimum extraction conditions for the preliminary saponification and enrichment of squalene were saponification temperature 70 ℃, saponification time 60 min, solid-liquid ratio 1∶ 6 g/mL and alkali concentration 2.0 mol/L. Moreover, the extraction rate of squalene was increased with the increasing of extraction dose, which was not conducive to the purity of squalene. Subsequently, hexane was confirmed by thin layer chromatography as an eluent for squalene column chromatography purification. After purification by column chromatography, the yield of squalene was 94% and the purity was 85%. Therefore, squalene in the deodorized distillate of rice oil can be effectively separated from other substances by saponification column chromatography, and the purity is high. Although the collaborative technology of saponification and co

关 键 词：米糠油脱臭馏出物 角鲨烯 分离 纯化 薄层色谱法 柱层析 

分 类 号：TS224[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程]