硅钾叶面肥喷施对烤烟生长、产量和质量的影响  

Effects of Spraying Silicon and Potassium Foliar Fertilizer on Growth,Yield and Quality of Flue-cured Tobacco

作　　者：王兴松 吴登权 白羽祥 王戈[1] 张锦韬 康立夫 合云宇 李云川 黄光祥 马斌 王娜[1] WANG Xing-song;WU Deng-quan;BAI Yu-xiang;WANG Ge;ZHANG Jin-tao;KANG Li-fu;HE Yun-yu;LI Yun-chuan;HUANG Guang-xiang;MA Bin;WANG Na(College of Tobacco Science,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,China;Tobacco Leaf Purchase Center,China Tobacco Hunan Industrial Co.,Ltd.,Changsha 410019,China;Kunming Branch of Yunnan Tobacco Company,Kunming 650051,China;Yongsheng Branch of Lijiang Tobacco Company,Yongsheng 674200,China)

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学烟草学院,云南昆明650201 [2]湖南中烟工业有限责任公司原料采购中心,湖南长沙410019 [3]云南省烟草公司昆明市公司,云南昆明650051 [4]云南省丽江市烟草公司永胜县分公司,云南永胜674200

出　　处：《江西农业学报》2022年第11期65-69,共5页Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31860357);湖南中烟工业有限责任公司烟草农业示范与推广科技项目(202143000934114)。

摘　　要：为了探索喷施硅钾叶面肥对烤烟农艺性状、抗病性、产量及质量的影响,开展了田间小区试验,共设置6个处理,其中处理A1喷施清水(CK),处理A_(2)~A_(6)分别喷施硅钾肥400、600、800、1000和1200倍液。结果表明:与CK相比,A_(6)处理的烤烟农艺性状最优,其株高高出4.9 cm,最大腰叶长增加1.46 cm,最大腰叶宽增加2.46 cm;A_(5)处理的烤烟有最低的白粉病发病率(3.11%)和黑胫病发病率(2.12%),且与CK相比,上等烟比例提升了1.56个百分点,烤烟产量提升了19.76%,产值提升了29.04%。综上,喷施硅钾肥对烤烟的抗病性、外观质量、经济性状等均有一定的提升作用,以A_(5)处理(喷施硅钾肥1000倍液)的综合效果最优。In order to explore the effect of silicon and potassium foliar fertilizer on the agronomic characters,disease resistance,yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco,a field plot experiment was conducted,and a total of 6 treatments were set up,which were A1(water control,CK),A_(2)(400 times liquid spray of Si and K fertilizer),A3(600 times liquid spray of Si and K fertilizer),A4(800 times liquid spray of Si and K fertilizer),A_(5)(1000 times liquid spray of Si and K fertilizer),A_(6)(1200 times liquid spray of Si and K fertilizer).The results showed that compared with the control,the A_(6)treatment had the best agronomic traits.The plant height increased by 4.9 cm.Maximum lumbar leaf length increased by 1.46 cm,and maximum lumbar leaf width increased by 2.46 cm.A_(5)treatment had the lowest incidence of powdery mildew(3.11%)and black shank disease(2.12%),and the ratio of top-grade tobacco increased by 1.56 percent.The yield increased by 19.76%,and the output value increased by29.04%.In conclusion,the application of silica-potassium fertilizer can improve the disease resistance,appearance quality and economic characteristics of flue-cured tobacco,among which A_(5)is the best treatment.

关 键 词：烤烟 硅钾肥 农艺性状 抗病性 产量 质量 

分 类 号：S572.062[农业科学—烟草工业]