库木托拜沙漠公路风沙-风雪复合灾害的形成机制及治理方案  

Formation mechanism and control scheme of the compound disaster of blown sand and snow drift on the Kete Highway in the Kumtoba Desert in Xinjiang,China

作　　者：李生宇[1,2,3,4,6] 丁刚 王世杰 赵亚洲[1,2,3,4,6] 徐新文 郑婷婷 武新成[9] Li Shengyu;Ding Gang;Wang Shijie;Zhao Yazhou;Xu Xinwen;Zheng Tingting;Wu Xincheng(National Engineering Technology Research Center for Desert-Oasis Ecological Construction/,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Urumqi 830011,China;tate Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology/,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Urumqi 830011,China;Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Ecological Restoration in Arid Region/,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Urumqi 830011,China;Mosuowan Desert Research Station/,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Urumqi 830011,China;Taklimakan Desert Research Station,Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Urumqi 830011,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Department of Risk Monitoring and Comprehensive Disaster Reduction,Agency of Emergency Management of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,Urumqi 830011,China;Natural Resources Bureau(Forestry and Grassland Bureau)of Jeminay County,Jeminay 836899,Xinjiang,China;Xinjiang Communications Construction Group Co.LTD,Urumqi 830016,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所国家荒漠-绿洲生态建设工程技术研究中心,新疆乌鲁木齐830011 [2]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所荒漠与绿洲生态国家重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830011 [3]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所新疆干旱区环境污染与生态修复重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830011 [4]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所莫索湾沙漠研究站,新疆乌鲁木齐830011 [5]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所塔克拉玛干沙漠研究站,新疆乌鲁木齐830011 [6]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [7]新疆维吾尔自治区应急管理厅风险监测和综合减灾处,新疆乌鲁木齐830011 [8]吉木乃县自然资源局(林业和草原局),新疆吉木乃836899 [9]新疆交通建设集团股份有限公司,新疆乌鲁木齐830016

出　　处：《中国沙漠》2022年第6期14-24,共11页Journal of Desert Research

基　　金：中国科学院A类战略性科技先导专项(XDA2003020201)。

摘　　要：伴随交通建设的快速发展,极端环境对交通造成了复杂多样的灾害。穿越新疆库木托拜沙漠的克特公路冬季遭遇频发的风沙-风雪复合灾害,危害严重。此种灾害的发生与区域特殊孕灾环境有关(冬季有强劲的“闹海风”和丰富的风沙(雪)源),也与公路防沙体系布局和路基断面设置以及清沙(雪)堆放等人为扰动有关。本研究按照因地制宜、因害设防、顺应自然、标本兼治的防治原则,提出了加强防护能力、机械防治与植物防治相衔接的防治思路,制定了路侧地形平整、阻-固-输结合防护体系建设及后期科学管护的综合治理方案,以统筹防治春季风沙灾害与冬季风沙-风雪复合灾害。In recent years,with the rapid expansion of highway construction area in China,some problems about wind force disasters on highway have appeared under special environmental conditions,which seriously threaten the safety of highway traffic.The compound disaster of snow drift and blown sand on Kete Highway in Altay Prefecture of Xinjiang just is a special seasonal wind-driven disaster.It is found that the occurrence of this kind of disaster is related to the regional disaster-pregnant environment with the reginonal east gale and abundant sand&snow sources in winter,as well as the layout of sand control system,the configuration of subgrade section and the artificial disturbance such as sand or snow stacking.In accordance with the principle of adapting measures to local conditions,fortifing against harm,complying with nature and addressing both symptoms and root causes,strengthening protection ability,and linking mechanical control with plant control have been formed in order to comprehensively control the blown sand disaster in spring and sand-snow compound disaster in winter.A comprehensive treatment scheme of road side terrain leveling,resistance-solid-transport structure protection system construction and later scientific management and protection has been formulated.This research results can provide a scientific plan for the disaster prevetion of Kete Highway,and also provide a reference for similar disaster control in other areas.

关 键 词：风沙-风雪复合灾害 孕灾环境 形成机制 治理方案 库木托拜沙漠 吉木乃县 

分 类 号：P931.3[天文地球—自然地理学]