基于层次分析法的黄河上游水源涵养区生态系统恢复力评价——以甘南州、临夏州为例  

Evaluation on ecological resilience in water conservation area in the upper Yellow River based on AHP:A case study of the Gannan and Linxia region

作　　者：李鑫鹏 王朝平[3] 邹松兵[1,2] 岳玮 罗珊 王文澍 秦艺豪 桑骏 钱继坤 王春苗 Li Xinpeng;Wang Chaoping;Zou Songbing;Yue Wei;Luo Shan;Wang Wenshu;Qin Yihao;Sang Jun;Qian Jikun;Wang Chunmiao(a.College of Earth and Environmental Sciences/,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China;Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental Systems/,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China;Office of Science and Technology,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China;Gansu Academy of Eco-Environmental Sciences,Lanzhou 730020,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州大学资源环境学院,甘肃兰州730000 [2]兰州大学西部环境教育部重点实验室,甘肃兰州730000 [3]兰州大学科学技术发展研究院,甘肃兰州730000 [4]甘肃省生态环境科学设计研究院,甘肃兰州730020

出　　处：《中国沙漠》2022年第6期85-93,共9页Journal of Desert Research

基　　金：甘肃省社会科学联合会与甘肃省社会科学学术活动基金会联合项目(21ZZ37);甘肃省科技重大专项计划项目(21ZD4FA008,20ZD7FA005)。

摘　　要：在全球气候变化背景下,人类活动对生态环境质量影响的定量评价是区域生态保护与高质量发展的关键问题。本文基于层次分析法(AHP)和GIS可视化空间分析技术,应用遥感反演的生态系统分类资料和社会经济统计资料等,构建了包含社会经济、土地压力、自然条件3个准则层的生态系统恢复力评价指标体系,结合指标时空尺度无量纲化与综合指数法,进行了甘肃省甘南州、临夏州2000—2020年的生态系统恢复力定量评估。结果表明:研究区域空间尺度生态恢复力范围分别为0.14—0.65(2000年)、0.12—0.72(2005年)、0.07—0.70(2010年)、0.12—0.70(2015年)、0.28—0.82(2020年);甘南生态系统恢复力较高,临夏生态系统恢复力较低,在空间分布上,生态系统恢复力呈现北低南高的总体特征,高生态恢复力的乡镇以草地、森林、灌木生态系统为主,低生态恢复力的乡镇以农田、城镇生态系统为主;在时序变化特征中,生态系统恢复力总体向好,呈现先上升、后下降、最后上升趋势,受人类活动与气候变化共同作用。In the context of global climate change,the quantitative assessment of human activity’s impact on the quality of the ecological environment is a key issue for regional ecological conservation and high-quality development.Based on the Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP)method and GIS visualization and spatial analysis technology,we structured an ecological resilience assessment system including three criteria layers:social economy,land pressure and natural conditions,using ecosystem classification data meteorological data retrieved from remote sensing.Combining with the spatiotemporally nondimensionalized indicators and the synthetical index method,we quantitatively assessed the ecological resilience in Gannan and Linxia every five years from 2000 to 2020.The results show that the spatial scale ecological resilience thresholds of the study area are 0.14-0.65(2000),0.12-0.72(2005),0.07-0.70(2010),0.12-0.70(2015),0.28-0.82(2020).The ecological resilience level in Gannan is relatively high,and the ecological resilience level in Linxia is relatively low.In the aspect of spatial distribution,the ecological resilience showed a decreasing trend with the latitude increased.The regions with high ecological resilience are dominated by grassland,forest and shrub ecosystems,and the regions with high ecological resilience are dominated by farmland and urban ecosystems.In the aspect of time series,the ecosystem resilience is generally positive,showing an upward trend at first,then falling,and finally rising,affected by human activities and climate change.

关 键 词：水源涵养区 生态恢复力 综合评估模型 黄河上游 

分 类 号：Q148[生物学—生态学]