额济纳绿洲地表土壤热通量特征及模拟估算  

Variation and simulation of surface soil heat flux in Ejin Oasis

作　　者：李强[1] 刘思敏 高冠龙[3,4,5] 张小由 Li Qiang;Liu Simin;Gao Guanlong;Zhang Xiaoyou(Taiyuan Normal University,Jinzhong 030619,Shanxi,China;Economics Development Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Beijing 100714,China;Shanxi University,Taiyuan 030006,China;Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China;Shanxi Laboratory for Yellow River,Taiyuan 030006,China)

机构地区：[1]太原师范学院,山西晋中030619 [2]国家林业和草原局经济发展研究中心,北京100714 [3]山西大学,山西太原030006 [4]中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院,甘肃兰州730000 [5]山西省黄河实验室,山西太原030006

出　　处：《中国沙漠》2022年第6期176-184,共9页Journal of Desert Research

基　　金：中国博士后科学基金项目(2018M643769);山西省高等学校科技创新项目(2020L0028);中央高校基本科研业务费(自然科学类)项目(300102279505)。

摘　　要：土壤热通量是地表能量平衡的重要分量,研究其变化特征对理解能量平衡过程具有十分重要的意义。利用中国科学院阿拉善荒漠生态水文试验研究站实际观测数据,分析了额济纳绿洲在不同天气条件(晴天和阴天)和时间尺度下地表土壤热通量变化特征,并采用强迫恢复法对地表土壤热通量进行了估算。结果表明:(1)晴天地表土壤热通量的日总量、平均值、最大值和振幅等都明显大于阴天。(2)在观测期内,地表土壤热通量总体呈先升高后降低的趋势,最大值出现在7月中旬,最小值出现在10月初,二者之间的日均值相差超过了900 W·m^(-2)。(3)不论晴天还是阴天,净辐射较地表土壤热通量在早晨和晚间都是先达到零值,且净辐射在正午前后先达到峰值。(4)对地表土壤热通量取绝对值可以看出,无论昼夜,均是晴天大于阴天。(5)一天内地表土壤热通量占净辐射的比例随着时间递减。(6)基于强迫恢复法估算的额济纳绿洲地表土壤热通量与实测值具有较好的一致性,可用于地表土壤热通量模拟。The soil heat flux is an important component of the surface energy balance equation,thus the observation and calculation methods of soil heat flux are of great significance.Aimed at the typical arid area in ChinaEjin oasis,and based on the data collected from Alax Desert Eco-Hydrology Research Station,this paper used the gradient calorimetric method to calculate surface soil heat flux and analyzed its variations in different weather conditions(sunny and cloudy days),results showed that:(1)The total,average,maximum and amplitude values of surface soil heat flux on sunny days were significantly greater than those on cloudy days.(2)During the observation period,the surface soil heat flux generally increased firstly,and then decreased,with the maximum and minimum values appearing in the middle of July and early October,respectively,and the difference between them was more than 900 W·m^(-2).(3)No matter it is a sunny or cloudy day,the net radiation reaches zero firstly both in the morning and evening,and also reaches peak values around noon firstly.(4)Taking the absolute value of surface soil heat flux,we can see that the values on sunny days were always greater than those on cloudy days regardless of day and night.(5)The ratio of soil heat flux to net radiation in a day decreased with time.(6)The values of surface soil heat flux estimated by the forced-restore method are in good agreement with the measured values,the forced-restore method can be used to simulate the surface soil heat flux in Ejin Oasis.

关 键 词：土壤热通量 梯度热量法 强迫恢复法 额济纳绿洲 

分 类 号：P463.23[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]