苯乙烯接枝淀粉的制备及其热塑性分析  

Preparation and Thermoplastic Analysis of Styrene Grafted Starch

作　　者：方可 夏发明 王晓广[1,2] 姜林旭 FANG Ke;XIA Fa-ming;WANG Xiao-guang;JIANG Lin-xu(Wuhan Textile University,Huangshi 435200,China;Hubei New Environmental Protection Biomass Material Co.,Ltd.,Huangshi 435200,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉纺织大学,湖北武汉430200 [2]湖北顶新环保生物质材料有限公司,湖北黄石435200

出　　处：《塑料科技》2022年第10期60-64,共5页Plastics Science and Technology

摘　　要：为提高淀粉的可塑性,以苯乙烯为单体,硝酸铈铵为引发剂,制备接枝淀粉。通过单因素分析最佳接枝配比。以甘油作为增塑剂,在转矩流变仪中制备热塑性原淀粉和热塑性接枝淀粉,并分析热塑性淀粉的转矩流变、亲水性、表面结构、结晶结构和力学性能。结果表明:当苯乙烯含量(占淀粉干基)为200%、反应时间为3 h、反应温度为50℃、引发剂用量为3%(占淀粉干基),接枝率达到45.83%。随着甘油含量的增加,接枝淀粉最大转矩逐渐减小,塑化时间逐渐增长,亲水性大幅下降。甘油含量达到35%时,热塑性接枝淀粉由疏水转为亲水,表面更平整,结晶度降低,拉伸强度降至5 MPa。与热塑性原淀粉对比,塑性接枝淀粉具有良好的力学性能、加工性和塑性,是一种潜在的塑料基材。In order to improve the plasticity of starch,graft starch was prepared with styrene as monomer and ceric ammonium nitrate as initiator.The optimum grafting ratio was analyzed by single factor.Thermoplastic native starch and thermoplastic grafted starch were prepared in a torque rheometer using glycerol as a plasticizer.The torque rheology,hydrophilicity,surface structure,crystalline structure and mechanical properties of thermoplastic starch were analyzed.The results show that when the styrene content(accounting for starch dry basis)is 200%,the reaction time is 3 h,the reaction temperature is 50℃,and the amount of initiator is 3%(accounting for starch dry basis),the grafting rate reaches45.83%.With the increase of glycerol content,the maximum torque of grafted starch decreases gradually,and the plasticizing time increases gradually,hydrophilicity decreases substantially.When the glycerol content reaches 35%,the thermoplastic grafted starch changes from hydrophobic to hydrophilic,the surface is smoother,the crystallinity decreases,and the tensile strength decreases to 5 MPa.Compared with thermoplastic native starch,plastic grafted starch has good mechanical properties,processability and plasticity,and plastic grafted starch is a potential plastic substrate.

关 键 词：苯乙烯 接枝淀粉 热塑性淀粉 力学性能 疏水性 

分 类 号：TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]