Effect of the dietary supplementation with extracts of chestnut wood and grape pomace on performance and jejunum response in female and male broiler chickens at different ages  

作　　者：A.Pascual M.Pauletto A.Trocino M.Birolo M.Dacasto M.Giantin F.Bordignon C.Ballarin M.Bortoletti G.Pillan G.Xiccato 

机构地区：[1]Department of Agronomy,Food,Natural Resources,Animal and Environment(DAFNAE),University of Padova,Viale dell’Universita 16,35020 Padova,Legnaro,Italy. [2]Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science(BCA),University of Padova,Viale dell’Universita 16,35020 Padova,Legnaro,Italy.

出　　处：《Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology》2023年第1期212-228,共17页畜牧与生物技术杂志（英文版）

基　　金：the University of Padova(BIRD Ateneo di Padova;CUP:C24I20000260005)。

摘　　要：Background:Recently,interest in the use of herbs and phytogenic compounds has grown because of their potential role in the production and health of livestock animals.Among these compounds,several tannins have been tested in poultry,but those from chestnut wood and grape-industry byproducts have attracted remarkable interest.Thus,the present study aimed to gain further insights into the mechanisms involved in the response to the dietary supplementation with extracts of chestnut wood or grape pomace.To this purpose,864 broiler chickens were fed a control diet(C)or the same diet supplemented 0.2%chestnut wood(CN)extract or 0.2%grape pomace(GP)extract from hatching until commercial slaughtering(at 45 days of age)to assess their effects on performance,meat quality,jejunum immune response and whole-transcriptome profiling in both sexes at different ages(15 and 35 d).Results:Final live weight and daily weight gain significantly increased(P<0.01)in chickens fed GP diets compared to CN and C diets.The villi height was lower in chickens fed the CN diet than in those fed the C diet(P<0.001);moreover,a lower density of CD45~+cells was observed in chickens fed the CN diet(P<0.05)compared to those fed the C and GP diets.Genes involved in either pro-or anti-inflammatory response pathways,and antimicrobial and antioxidant responses were affected by GP and CN diets.There was no effect of the dietary treatment on meat quality.Regarding sex,in addition to a lower growth performance,females showed a lower occurrence of wooden breast(16.7%vs.55.6%;P<0.001)and a higher occurrence of spaghetti meat(48.6%vs.4.17%;P<0.001)in pectoralis major muscles after slaughtering than those in males.Based on the results of whole-transcriptome profiling,a significant activation of some molecular pathways related to immunity was observed in males compared with those of females.Conclusions:The GP supplementation improved chicken performance and promoted immune responses in the intestinal mucosa;moreover,age and sex were associated with the most relevan

关 键 词：Growth IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY Meat quality TANNINS TRANSCRIPTOME 

分 类 号：S831.5[农业科学—畜牧学]