不同品种、密度、施氮量、播种方式对糯高粱生物性状及产量的影响  

Effects of Varieties,Planting Densities,Nitrogen Application Rates and Sowing Modes on Biological Characters and Yield of Waxy Sorghum

作　　者：张艳军 刘佳 张钟 张翠萍 李建增[2] 胡选江 施立安 高玉玺 罗磊 蔡述江 李怀红 饶敏 ZHANG Yanjun;LIU Jia;ZHANG Zhong;ZHANG Cuiping;LI Jianzeng;HU Xuanjiang;SHI Li’an;GAO Yuxi;LUO Lei;CAI Shujiang;LI Huaihong;RAO Min(Yuxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Yuxi,Yunnan 653100;Industrial Crops Research Institute,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Kunming 650205;Chengjiang City Planting Industry Comprehensive Service Management Center,Chengjiang,Yunnan 652500;Yuxi Agricultural Product Quality and Safety Inspection and Testing Center,Yuxi,Yunnan 653100)

机构地区：[1]玉溪市农业科学院,云南玉溪653100 [2]云南省农业科学院经济作物研究所,昆明650205 [3]澄江市种植业综合服务管理中心,云南澄江652500 [4]玉溪市农产品质量安全检验检测中心,云南玉溪653100

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2023年第2期1-7,共7页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：玉溪市农业科学院科技计划项目“农作物新品种新技术研究及示范项目”(2020-YNK-NZWYJ028)。

摘　　要：为明确不同品种、种植密度、施氮量和播种方式与糯高粱生物性状及产量的关系。试验采用L(934)正交试验设计,研究了不同品种、种植密度、施氮量和播种方式对糯高粱生物性状及产量的影响。结果表明,糯高粱品种对生物性状的影响差异较大,随着密度的增加,株高随之增高,而穗粒数和单穗重则随之减少,密度对糯高粱的叶片数、茎粗、穗长及千粒重影响不明显,施氮量255 kg/hm^(2)的糯高粱穗长、穗粒数、单穗重和千粒重最好,不同种植方式对生物性状的影响不明显;糯高粱生物性状的株高、叶片数、穗粒数和单穗重与产量成正相关,茎粗、穗长和千粒重与产量成负相关;品种是影响糯高粱产量的主要因子,其次是种植密度,再次是种植方式,产量以组合A_(2)B_(3)C_(1)D_(2)最高,达12257.28 kg/hm^(2),其次为组合A2B1C2D3,产量为11553.91 kg/hm^(2),不同品种的产量差异达到极显著水平,不同种植密度达到显著水平,不同施氮量和种植方式不显著,因此最优组合取A2B3C1D2或A2B1C2D3。本研究为糯高粱高产优质种植技术提供科学依据。The purpose of this paper is to clarify the correlations between different varieties,planting densities,nitrogen application rates and sowing modes and the biological characters and yield of waxy sorghum.The L9(34)orthogonal experiment method was adopted in the study.The results showed that the effects of waxy sorghum varieties on biological characters were quite different.As the planting density increased,the plant height increased,while the number of grains per ear and the single ear weight decreased.The planting density had no obvious influence on the number of leaves,stem diameter,ear length and 1000-grain weight.Waxy sorghum with nitrogen application rate of 255 kg/hm^(2) had the best ear length,number of grains per ear,single ear weight and 1000-grain weight.Different planting modes had little effect on biological characters.The plant height,leaf number,number of grains per ear and single ear weight were positively correlated with the yield,while stem diameter,ear length and 1000-grain weight were negatively correlated with the yield.Variety is the main factor affecting the yield,followed by planting density and planting mode.The yield of the combination A_(2)B_(3)C_(1)D_(2) was the highest,reaching 12257.28 kg/hm^(2),followed by that of the combination A2B1C2D3,reaching 11553.91 kg/hm^(2).The yield difference of different varieties reached a very significant level,the yield difference of different planting densities reached a significant level,and the yield difference of different nitrogen application rates and planting modes were not significant,so the optimal combination was A2B3C1D2 or A2B1C2D3.This study provides a scientific basis for high-yield and high-quality planting technology of waxy sorghum.

关 键 词：糯高粱 种植密度 施氮量 播种方式 生物性状 产量 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]