弱光对西瓜果实品质及蔗糖代谢的影响  

Effects of Low Light on Quality and Sucrose Metabolism of Watermelon Fruit

作　　者：高文瑞[1] 孙艳军[1] 韩冰[1] 费聪 王显生[2] 徐刚[1] GAO Wenrui;SUN Yanjun;HAN Bing;FEI Cong;WANG Xiansheng;XU Gang(Institute of Vegetable Crops,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement,Nanjing 210014;Institute of Germplasm Resources and Biotechnology,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Nanjing DUS Testing Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Nanjing 210014)

机构地区：[1]江苏省农业科学院蔬菜研究所/江苏省高效园艺作物遗传改良重点实验室,南京210014 [2]江苏省农业科学院种质资源与生物技术研究所/农业农村部植物新品种测试(南京)分中心,南京210014

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2023年第1期56-61,共6页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：江苏省农业科技自主创新资金“外源氨基酸在设施西瓜弱光下果实膨大中的应用技术研究”[CX(20)3106];国家自然科学基金“弱光影响西瓜果实膨大的机理”(31601795);江苏省现代农业(蔬菜)产业技术体系项目“蔬菜产业技术体系设施构型创新团队”(JATS[2022]430)。

摘　　要：研究旨在阐明弱光降低西瓜果实品质的问题,以西瓜品种‘苏蜜8号’为试材,通过田间50%遮阴处理模拟弱光试验,采用液相色谱技术和分光光度比色法测定弱光下西瓜果实不同生长发育阶段的糖分组成及蔗糖代谢关键酶活性。结果表明,遮阴显著降低了西瓜可溶性固形物含量;果实发育前期(0~12天)弱光促进了蔗糖的积累,而之后弱光显著抑制了西瓜果实蔗糖的积累;在西瓜果实发育阶段,弱光抑制了果糖含量和葡萄糖含量在西瓜果实中的积累;蔗糖磷酸合成酶活性和转化酶活性的降低是弱光抑制蔗糖含量积累、糖含量及糖分组成变化的主要原因。本研究可为早春及秋季设施西瓜生产中的光环境管理和高品质栽培技术的研究开发提供科学依据。The paper aims to clarify the problem that low light reduces the quality of watermelon fruit.In this study,watermelon variety‘Sumi 8’was used as the test material.Through the field 50%shading treatment simulated low light test,the sugar composition and the activities of key enzymes of sucrose metabolism in different growth and development stages of watermelon fruit under low light stress were determined by liquid chromatography and spectrophotometry.The results showed that shading significantly reduced the content of soluble solids in watermelon.In the early stage of fruit development(0-12 days),low light promoted the accumulation of sucrose in watermelon fruit,and then low light significantly inhibited the accumulation of sucrose in watermelon fruit.In the development stage of watermelon fruit,low light stress inhibited the accumulation of fructose and glucose in watermelon fruit.The decrease of sucrose phosphate synthase activity and invertase activity was the main reason for the inhibition of sucrose content accumulation,sugar content and sugar composition change under low light stress.This study provides a scientific basis for the management of light environment and the research and development of high-quality cultivation techniques in protected watermelon production in early spring and autumn.

关 键 词：西瓜 弱光 果实品质 蔗糖代谢 动态研究 

分 类 号：S63-33[农业科学—蔬菜学]