截取即“框架”:过程视角下截屏的本真性反思及其技术意识形态  

Capturing as “Framing”: Reflection on Screenshot’s Authenticity and Its Technological Ideology from the Process Perspective

作　　者：杜璇 刘于思[1] Du Xuan;Liu Yusi

机构地区：[1]浙江大学传媒与国际文化学院,杭州310058

出　　处：《南京社会科学》2022年第11期129-138,共10页Nanjing Journal of Social Sciences

摘　　要：作为摄影技术在互联网时代的中介化形式,截屏继承了摄影“有图有真相”的认识论优势,广泛参与到中介化交往与公共讨论之中,但其作为数字图像的本真性问题及其危险影响却遭到忽视。将截屏置于摄影批判和网络化现实中,其充当记录和证据的合法性受到本真性的内在挑战。截屏实践涉及的截取、保存和传播过程采取了截取作为“框架”技术、保存作为瞬时记忆术、传播瓦解公私边界等本真性建构的差异化策略,并组合为个体记录、“阅后即焚”和共同见证三种不同功能的截屏类型,其社会性和欺骗性程度递增,促使截屏实践所鼓励的“表面真相”作为一种技术形态,日常性地瓦解了人们对于真实的反思能力,且以隐蔽的方式服膺于政治、经济和个人利益的表达。As a mediated form of photography technology in the Internet era, screenshotting inherits “with pictures the truth” as the epistemological advantages of photography. Screenshotting has been widely integrated into mediated communication and public discussions, but its authenticity and dangers as digital images are left unexamined. When put into photographic criticism tradition and networked reality, the legitimacy of screenshots as records and evidence has been challenged by authenticity inherently. The process of taking, possessing, and circulating involved in the practice of screenshot adopts a differentiated strategy of authenticity construction, such as taking as a “framing” technology, possessing as an instant memory, and circulating to disrupt the public and private boundaries. It is combined into three screen capture types with different functions, namely, individual record, “burning after reading”, and collective witness. With its social and deceptive degree increasing, the paper reveals how a “superficial truth” encouraged by the screenshotting practice, as a form of technological ideology, disintegrates people’s ability to reflect on day-to-day reality and surrenders to the expression of dominant political, economic power and personal interests in a hidden way.

关 键 词：截屏 框架 数字图像 本真性 技术意识形态 

分 类 号：G209[文化科学—传播学]