数字金融使用促进农村消费内需动力全面释放了吗?  

Does the Use of Digital Finance Promote the Full Release of Rural Consumption Domestic Demand Power?

作　　者：王小华[1,2] 马小珂 何茜[1] WANG Xiaohua;MA Xiaoke;HE Xi

机构地区：[1]西南大学普惠金融与农业农村发展研究中心 [2]西南大学经济管理学院 [3]北京师范大学经济与资源管理研究院

出　　处：《中国农村经济》2022年第11期21-39,共19页Chinese Rural Economy

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“实现巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成果同乡村振兴有效衔接研究”(编号:21ZDA062);国家社会科学基金一般项目“数字普惠金融背景下我国农村金融消费者保护测度、影响及其提升研究”(编号:21BJY042);“西南大学创新研究2035先导计划”(编号:SWUPilot Plan026)的资助。

摘　　要：数字金融的出现以及在农村地区的广泛使用,为解决长期以来困扰“三农”的金融服务难题、提升金融普惠性和释放农村消费需求带来了新的希望。本文利用2019年中国家庭金融调查数据,从数字支付、数字借贷和数字理财三个维度考察了农村居民家庭数字金融使用情况,并据此实证分析了数字金融对农村居民家庭消费的影响和作用机制。研究结果表明,数字金融使用促进了农村居民家庭消费水平提升,不管是对生存型消费、发展享受型消费还是八项消费的促进作用均显著,并且对发展享受型消费的促进作用明显强于对生存型消费的作用,说明数字金融使用促进了农村消费内需动力全面释放。作用机制和异质性分析表明,传统信贷约束和预防性储蓄强化了数字金融使用对农村居民家庭消费的促进作用,数字金融使用对不同家庭消费的影响存在显著差异,其中对于女性户主、60岁以上的高龄户主家庭以及低收入家庭而言,数字金融使用对家庭消费的促进作用明显更强。本文为全面认识数字乡村建设和推动乡村数字金融发展提供了新的视角,对进一步在畅通国内大循环中激发和释放农村消费内需潜力具有一定的启示意义。The emergence of digital finance and its widespread use in rural areas have brought new hope to solve the financial service problems that have long plagued agriculture, rural areas and farmers, to enhance financial inclusion and release rural consumption demand. Using data from 2019 China Household Finance Survey, this article examines the use of digital finance in rural residential households in three dimensions of digital payments, digital lending, and digital wealth management, and empirically analyzes the impact and mechanism of digital finance on rural households’ consumption. The research results show that the use of digital finance has promoted the consumption level of rural households, whether it is subsistence consumption,development and enjoyment consumption or eight items of consumption, and that the role of digital finance in promoting the development and enjoyment consumption is obviously stronger than that of subsistence consumption. This indicates that the use of rural digital finance has promoted the full release of domestic demand power of rural consumption. The mechanism analysis and heterogeneity analysis show that traditional credit constraints and precautionary savings have strengthened the promotion of digital financial use on rural household consumption, and the impacts of digital finance use on the consumption of different households are varied. For households with female heads, elderly heads over 60 years old and for low-income households, the promotion effect of digital financial use on household consumption is significantly stronger. The study provides a new perspective to comprehensively understand the construction of digital village and promote rural digital finance development, and it has certain enlightenment significance for further stimulating and releasing the potential of domestic demand for rural consumption in a smooth domestic circulation.

关 键 词：数字金融 信贷约束 农村居民消费 内需 

分 类 号：F328[经济管理—产业经济] F832.4