广州博物馆藏21厘米克虏伯炮与格鲁森炮架来源考述  

Research on the Provenance of the 21cm Krupp Gun and Gruson Carriage in Guangzhou Museum

作　　者：陈一川 Chen Yichuan

机构地区：[1]伦敦大学学院巴特莱特建筑学院,伦敦WC1HOAY

出　　处：《中国国家博物馆馆刊》2022年第11期144-151,共8页Journal of National Museum of China

摘　　要：广州博物馆藏21厘米克虏伯炮原为广州黄埔蟹山炮台的广平炮,其在晚清民国时期的历史目前已有较多研究,但关于这门炮为何会安装格鲁森公司制造的炮架及其来到中国之前的经历目前尚无研究论及。本文综合运用中文、德文、英文史料,发现这门炮是1870至1871年普法战争期间普鲁士海军为应急而用格鲁森铸铁炮架与克虏伯炮身临时装配的火炮之一,后于19世纪80年代初售予广东当局并在中法战争期间被安装上台。这门火炮是直接经历过普法战争、中法战争的重要近代文物,考证其历史对从世界史的视角重新认识国内保存的近代文物具有一定启发意义。The 21cm Krupp gun in Guangzhou Museum was originally the“Guangping”gun in Xieshan Battery,Huangpu,Guangzhou,and some research exists on its history in the late Qing dynasty and the period of the Republic of China.However,there is currently no research on the reason for its having a carriage made by Gruson or its history before coming to China.This paper utilizes historic materials from Chinese,German and American sources and has discovered that the gun was assembled by the Prussian Navy during the Franco-Prussian War using cast-iron carriages from Gruson and gun barrel from Krupp.It was later sold to Guangdong provincial government in the early 1880s.This gun is an important piece of relic that has witnessed both the Franco-Prussian and Sino-French wars,and to reveal its history is to rediscovering the story behind modern cultural relics in China through the perspective of world history.

关 键 词：广州炮台 克虏伯炮 格鲁森 近代文物 

分 类 号：K875.8[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]