马来西亚族群政治的历史剖析  

A Historical Analysis of Ethnic Politics in Malaysia

作　　者：林绮纯 Qichun Lin

机构地区：[1]山东大学哲学与社会发展学院,济南250100

出　　处：《世界民族》2022年第6期68-78,共11页Journal of World Peoples Studies

摘　　要：本文主要探讨马来西亚的马来人和华人族群身份的历史建构过程,重点强调殖民历史、政府角色和政党政治对族群关系的影响。西方殖民势力向马来半岛渗透的过程中,伴随着一套有关族群种类的认知和管理手段。欧洲殖民者将“马来人”土著化,将“华人”他者化。“懒惰”的马来土著和“有用”的华人外来者之迷思便始于那一时期。这种有关族群性的论断被马来政客不断复制,成为他们推行马来人优先政策最有力的借口。1969年之后,马来民族主义的复兴和非马来人的回应已经令这个国家的族群关系越发分化。This article explores the historical construction of ethnic identity of Malays and Chinese in Malaysia, with an emphasis on the influence of colonial rule, the role of government and the impact of party politics on ethnic relations. The infiltration of Western colonial forces into the Malay Peninsula was accompanied by a set of cognitive and management methods about ethnic groups. European colonists made “Malays” indigenous and “Chinese” alien, thus giving birth to the myth of “lazy” indigenous Malays and “useful” Chinese aliens. This assertion about ethnicity has been repeatedly replicated by Malay politicians as the most powerful excuse for their pursuit of Malay-first policies. Since 1969, the resurgent Malay nationalism and non-Malay responses have polarized the country further ethnically.

关 键 词：马来西亚 族群性 民族主义 土著 华人 

分 类 号：D733.8[政治法律—政治学]