乌克兰国家身份建构进程中的民族问题及评析  

Reflections on Ukraine’s National Problems in its Construction of National Identity

作　　者：左岫仙 Xiuxian Zuo

机构地区：[1]烟台大学马克思主义学院/民族研究所,烟台264005

出　　处：《世界民族》2022年第6期100-113,共14页Journal of World Peoples Studies

基　　金：国家社科基金铸牢中华民族共同体意识专项一般项目“世界各主要国家解决民族问题的理论政策和经验研究”(项目编号:21VMZ012)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：乌克兰独立以来,国家民族经过30多年的建设历程,并未达到有效凝聚、整合国内各民族的效果,民族建设更是出现种种问题,如各种极端主义势力的发展、国家认同全面对立化、地区分裂加速推进等。研析乌克兰国家民族问题的深层次原因可以发现,宏观上的国家身份建构是导致问题发生的根本原因,具体表现为民族身份建构的“民族主义化”、政治身份建构的“西式自由民主化”、国际身份建构的“东西摇摆化”等。通过对乌克兰国家民族建设历程的考察可以进一步发现,其未来的国家民族建设需要锚定国家身份特性、凝聚共同性、推动发展共享性,才能推动族际关系和谐、民族整合等目标的实现。After more than 30 years of national construction since its independence, Ukraine has failed to achieve effective cohesion and integration of all ethnic groups within the country. Moreover, there are multiple problems in national construction such as the development of various extremist forces, the comprehensive opposition in national identity, and the acceleration of regional division. By analyzing the deep causes of national and ethnic problems in Ukraine, it can be found that the macroscopic construction of national identity is the root cause of all problems, which is embodied in the “nationalization” in national identity construction, the “Western liberal democratization” in political identity construction, and the “East-West swing” in international identity construction. Through investigating the process of national construction in Ukraine, it can be further found that its future national construction needs to anchor the national identity characteristics, unite the common nature and promote a shared development, so as to realize the goals of harmonious inter-ethnic relations and ethnic integration.

关 键 词：乌克兰 国家身份 民族建设 民族主义 

分 类 号：D751.13[政治法律—政治学] D06[政治法律—中外政治制度]