合同农业能否有效提高家庭农场技术效率和收入--基于812个种植业家庭农场调查数据的倾向得分匹配分析  

Can Contract Farming Effectively Improve the Technical Efficiency and Income of Family Farms: Propensity Score Matching Analysis Based on Survey Data of 812 Family Farms

作　　者：郭熙保[1] 吴方 GUO Xibao;WU Fang

机构地区：[1]武汉大学经济发展研究中心,武汉430072 [2]武汉大学经济与管理学院,武汉430072

出　　处：《农业技术经济》2022年第12期23-42,共20页Journal of Agrotechnical Economics

基　　金：教育部人文社科重点研究基地重大项目“农业现代化进程中新型农业经营体系与家庭农场研究”(编号:18JJD790012)。

摘　　要：本文基于812个种植业家庭农场样本调查数据,运用倾向得分匹配方法,实证分析了合同农业对家庭农场技术效率和收入的影响。研究结果显示,在控制样本选择偏差后,合同农业在整体上能够显著提升家庭农场技术效率和收入。分组分析发现,参与合同农业后,低收入和小型家庭农场的技术效率和收入显著提高,而高收入和大型家庭农场的技术效率和收入提高不显著;务农人数对家庭农场的技术效率和收入提高有显著的正向影响,但合同农业对务农人数越多的家庭农场的技术效率和收入提高的影响越大。不同作物种植异质性分析表明,合同农业可以非常有效地提高各种作物种植家庭农场的技术效率,但对于经营收入来说,它只在某些种植类型下有效,比如对高价值作物种植有效。不同模式分析发现,“龙头企业+合作社+家庭农场”契约模式较之“龙头企业+家庭农场”契约模式更能提高家庭农场的技术效率和收入。中介效应分析表明,生产技术效率的提高是家庭农场经营收入增加的关键因素。Based on the data from 812 family farm samples, this paper empirically analyzes the effects of contract agriculture on the technical efficiency and operating income of family farms by using propensity score matching method.The results show that after controlling for sample selection bias, contract farming can significantly improve the technical efficiency and income of family farms as a whole.Grouping analysis finds that after participating in contract agriculture, the technical efficiency and income of low-income and small family farms increased significantly, but the technical efficiency and income of high-income and large family farms did not.The number of farmers has a significant positive impact on the improvement of technical efficiency and income of family farms, but contract agriculture has a greater impact on the improvement of technical efficiency and income of family farms with more farmers.Contract farming can be a very effective way to improve the technical efficiency of family farms growing all kinds of crops, but for farm income, it is only effective for certain types of crops, such as high-value crops.The analysis of different modes shows that the contract mode of “leading enterprise + cooperative + family farm” can improve the technical efficiency and income of family farms more than the contract mode of “leading enterprise + family farm”.The mediating effect analysis shows that the improvement of production technology efficiency is the key factor for the increase of family farm operating income.

关 键 词：合同农业 家庭农场 技术效率 经营收入 倾向得分匹配 

分 类 号：F324.1[经济管理—产业经济] F323.3F323.8