蛋白质组学在皮质文物物种鉴别中的应用  

Application of proteomics in species identification of cortical cultural relics

作　　者：由笑颖 杨海亮 刘轩赫 郑海玲 周旸 YOU Xiaoying;YANG Hailiang;LIU Xuanhe;ZHENG Hailing;ZHOU Yang(College of Textile Science and Engineering(International Institute of Silk),Zhejiang Sci-Tech University,Hangzhou 310018,China;China National Silk Museum,Hangzhou 310002,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江理工大学纺织科学与工程学院(国际丝绸学院),杭州310018 [2]中国丝绸博物馆,杭州310002

出　　处：《丝绸》2023年第1期49-58,共10页Journal of Silk

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFF0904100);浙江省文物局科技保护资金项目(2022001)。

摘　　要：古代皮质文物在历经漫长的埋葬后,往往出现严重的劣化现象,如颜色变黑、手感发硬,并且由于埋葬环境的影响,这些皮质文物还时常伴有一些污染物,使得利用常规检测手段对皮质文物进行物种鉴别时准确性较差。蛋白质组学技术具有所需样品少、灵敏度高、特异性强的特点,非常适用于古代皮质文物的物种鉴别。本文将皮质文物按常见的用途分类,分为羊皮纸、皮革服饰、动物胶黏合剂及膜金属线,总结了国内外利用蛋白质组学技术对皮质文物进行物种鉴别的方法与应用,并介绍了一些针对皮质文物中胶原蛋白微损/无损的提取方法。In the early days of human society,people began to use natural resources to make animal skins into non-perishable leather.Leather artifacts are widely used in human daily life.Cortical cultural relics are precious treasures left by human beings in the process of understanding and transforming the natural environment.They record the development of human history and witness the progress of social civilization.They are of great significance for the study of ancient leather production technology,historical natural environment and cultural development.As an organic polymer material,the collagen in cortical cultural relics is often severely degenerated and deteriorated by the environment during long-term storage.Deteriorated cortical cultural relics have changed greatly in appearance and structure,making it difficult for conventional detection methods,such as surface analysis and spectral analysis,to accurately identify the species origin of cortical artifacts.As the main component of cortical cultural relics,collagen consists of twoα1 chains and oneα2 chain that can form a stable triple-helical structure.And this structure retains its peptide information even under prolonged burial.Proteomic analysis,as an emerging detection method,has the characteristics of little sampling,high sensitivity and strong specificity.In recent years,the concept of“Pale-proteomics”has been proposed for ancient protein detection,which is very advantageous in the identification of cortical cultural relics.The marker peptides after trypsin digestion are detected by mass spectrometry,and the species origin of cortical cultural relics is determined by database comparison.In the face of precious cortical cultural relics,the extraction of collagen requires the development of a small sample size extraction method.We summarize three micro/non-destructive collagen extraction methods,namely the minimally destructive grinding method,functionalized film adhesion method,and electrostatic friction adsorption method.The damage to the cortical cultur

关 键 词：皮质文物 皮革 蛋白质组学 胶原蛋白 羊皮纸 动物胶 膜金属线 

分 类 号：TS512[轻工技术与工程—皮革化学与工程]