清凉峰自然保护区土壤阳离子交换量的剖面分布特征及其影响因素  

Profile Distribution Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Soil Cation Exchange Capacity in Low Mountain Natural Forest Land in South China

作　　者：童根平 姜霓雯 傅伟军[2] 叶正钱[2] Tong Genping;Jiang Niwen;FuWeijun;Ye Zhengqian(Management Office,Qingliangfeng National Nature Reserve of Zhejiang,Hangzhou 311321,P.R.China;Zhejiang A&F University)

机构地区：[1]浙江清凉峰国家级自然保护区管理局,杭州311321 [2]浙江农林大学

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2023年第2期111-115,122,共6页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：浙江省自然科学基金项目(LY20C160004);浙江清凉峰国家级自然保护区管理局森林土壤资源调查编研(H20190328)。

摘　　要：为探究南方典型山区自然林地土壤阳离子交换量(CEC)在垂直剖面上的变化特征和影响因素,以清凉峰自然保护区内不同海拔梯度下采集的20个土壤剖面为研究对象,分析了土壤阳离子交换量、肥力指标和粒径特征,揭示了土壤阳离子交换量与相关指标的内在关系。结果表明:表层土壤[0~10 cm)、表下层土壤[10~30 cm)和心土层土壤[30~60 cm]的阳离子交换量均值分别为36.07、20.29、14.86 cmol/kg,整体处于三级以上水平;土壤阳离子交换量随着剖面深度的增加而下降,表层与表下层、心土层土壤的阳离子交换量均存在显著差异。土壤阳离子交换量的高低与不同土层的有机质、速效钾、碱解氮及速效磷的变化较为一致。相关分析显示,表层土壤阳离子交换量与有机质、速效钾呈显著正相关(P<0.05),表明有机质对土壤阳离子交换量会产生一定的影响且阳离子交换量对钾具有重要的保蓄功能。随着剖面深度增加,土壤中砂粒增加,黏粒减少,质地变轻,因此表层和表下层土壤阳离子交换量与砂粒均呈显著负相关(P<0.05),表层土壤阳离子交换量与黏粒呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),表明黏粒是土壤阳离子交换量的主要贡献者。不同土壤类型之间相同深度土层的阳离子交换量也存在一定的差异性,主要随海拔高度发生有规律的变化,表明不同类型土壤的保肥供肥和缓冲能力存在差异。In order to explore the variation characteristics and influencing factors of forest soil cation exchange capacity(CEC)in the profiles of typical hilly mountain area of south China.With 20 soil profiles,collecting under different elevation gradients in Qingliangfeng Nature Reserve,the correlations between soil CEC and soil fertility indexes and particles-size distribution were studied.The results indicated that soil CEC content of the topsoil[0-10 cm),the subsoil[10-30 cm)and middle-soil[30-60 cm]layers were 36.07,20.29 and 14.86 cmol/kg,respectively.The overall level is above three.Its content decreases with the increase of profile depth,CEC content in the topsoil[0-10 cm)was significantly different from that in the subsoil[10-30 cm)and middle-soil[30-60 cm]layers.The variation of CEC content in different soil layers was consistent with the trend of fertility index.The results of correlation analysis revealed that soil CEC were positively correlated with available potassium and organic matter(P<0.05),which indicated that soil organic matter had an important effect on soil CEC and soil CEC had important ability to keep potassium.With the increase of profile depth,the content of sand increases while clay decreases,and the soil texture becomes lighter,which weakened the ability of soil to retain water and fertilizer.Soil CEC content of the topsoil[0-10 cm)and the subsoil[10-30 cm)had significant negative correlation with sand(P<0.05),there was a significant positive correlation between CEC and clay particles in the test soil(P<0.01)which showed that clay was the main contributor of soil CEC.The CEC content of different soil types was also different at each levels of the profile,which was similar to CEC content at different altitudes.It reflects the difference of different types of soil in the capacity of fertilizer preservation,fertilizer supply and buffering.

关 键 词：土壤阳离子交换量 土壤剖面 肥力指标 土壤质地 自然保护区 

分 类 号：S714[农业科学—林学]