“伊塔事件”与新疆兵团边境团场的创建  

"Yili-Tacheng Incident"and the Establishment of Border Regiments of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps

作　　者：姚勇[1] YAO Yong(Research Center for China's Northwest Frontier Governance in Past Dynasties,School of History,Xinjiang University,Urumqi,Xinjiang,830046)

机构地区：[1]新疆大学历史学院·自治区重点研究基地历代西北边疆治理研究中心,新疆乌鲁木齐830046

出　　处：《新疆大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2022年第6期83-91,共9页Journal of Xinjiang University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“建国初期内地人口迁移新疆与新疆的稳定和发展研究(1949—1966)”(16BZS108)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：1962年春夏,在苏联的煽动策划下,中国新疆伊犁、塔城地区的6万多边民非法越境前往苏联,点燃中苏边境全线冲突的导火线。1954年刚刚奉命成立的新疆生产建设兵团,遵照党中央的指示,立即组建值班连队、“三代”(代耕、代牧、代管)工作队奔赴边境地区,设卡守边、维护治安、恢复生产。此后兵团又奉命在值班连队、“三代”工作队的基础上创建边境团场,至1988年,在2019公里的边境线上建立了58个边境团场,其中38个一线边境团场直接建在边境线上。边境团场有别于其他国营农场,不仅是生产队,更是战斗队和工作队,它们与国防军一起捍卫国家的领土主权,结束了中华人民共和国成立以来中苏边界有边无防的状况,是中国共产党合力治边方略的一大创举。In the spring and summer of 1962,under the instigation and plotting of the former Soviet Union,more than 60000 people in Ili and Tacheng of Xinjiang,China,illegally crossed the China-Soviet border,which ignited the conflict along the China-Soviet border areas.In accordance with the instructions of CPC Central Committee,the newly established Xinjiang production and Construction Corps(XJPCC)immediately established in 1954 companies on duty and task forces(farming,grazing and managing the deserted for the time being,thus called"three substitutes")to guard the border areas,maintain public security and resume production.Shortly afterwards,XJPCC set up border regiments on the basis of the companies and task forces.By 1988,58 border regiments had been established along the 2019 km China-Soviet border,of which 38 regiments were set up on the border line.Different from other state-owned farms,they are not only production units,but also combat units.Together with the national defense force,they defend the country’s territorial sovereignty.Such a measure put an end to the situation that there were no defense along the China-Soviet border since 1949,which is a major initiative of the CPC in its strategy of governing borders.

关 键 词：“伊塔事件” 新疆生产建设兵团 边境团场 

分 类 号：E254[军事—军事理论]