武昌湖浮游植物功能群演替特征及水质评价  

Succession characteristics of phytoplankton functional groups and water quality evaluation in Wuchang Lake

作　　者：刘璐 李学梅[2] 孟子豪 陈康 胡飞飞 朱永久[2] 杨德国[2] LIU Lu;LI Xue-mei;MENG Zi-hao;CHEN Kang;HU Fei-fei;ZHUYong-jiu;YANG De-guo(Shanghai Ocean University,College of Fisheries and Life Sciences,Shanghai 201306,China;Key Laboratory of Freshwater Biodiversity Conservation,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China,Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Wuhan 430223,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306 [2]中国水产科学研究院长江水产研究所,农业农村部淡水生物多样性保护重点实验室,武汉430223

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2023年第1期131-139,共9页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：中国水产科学研究院基本科研业务费(2020XT1302和2020TD57);财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系资助项目(CARS-46)资助。

摘　　要：为了解武昌湖浮游植物功能群的季节演替特征及其影响因子,于2019年12月—2020年10月对武昌湖进行季度采样,应用浮游植物功能群方法分析了武昌湖浮游植物功能群组成、时空变化,运用典范对应分析(CCA)、方差分解分析等方法,分析了影响功能群演替的关键因子,并运用集合指数(Q指数)和综合营养状态指数(TLI)评价湖泊水质。结果表明:调查期间武昌湖共检出浮游植物9门343种,根据功能群分类法可分为25个功能群,其中优势功能群18组,分别为A、B、D、P、MP、T、TB、S1、SN、X3、Y、E、H1、J、LO、M、W1和W2;优势功能群的季节演替规律为P、E(冬)→W1、MP(春)→D、LO(夏)→D(秋);CCA分析结果显示,环境变量对浮游植物功能群分布起决定作用,其中水深、水温、电导率、透明度、氮营养盐(TN、NH_(4)^(+)-N、NO_(3)^(-)-N和NO_(2)^(-)-N)是主要影响因子;不同季度的Q指数为夏季(2.28)<春季(2.30)<秋季(2.67)<冬季(3.02),表明湖泊水质处于中等-好范围;不同季度的TLI值为冬季(59.85)<秋季(59.91)<夏季(62.12)<春季(65.74),表明湖泊水体处于轻度-中度富营养状态,2种评价结果均表明冬季水质略优于其他季度。功能群的应用可以揭示武昌湖浮游植物的演替特征,反映水环境状态,对湖泊水质评价和生态保护具有指导意义。To explore the characteristics of phytoplankton functional groups and assess their influencing factors in Wuchang Lake, water samples were quarterly collected from December 2019 to October 2020. The composition and succession characteristics of phytoplankton functional groups were analyzed. Canonical correspondence analysis(CCA) and variance partitioning analysis were used to assess the key driving environmental factors. Water quality was evaluated by assemblage index(Q) and trophic level index(TLI). The results showed that 343 phytoplankton species from nine phyla were detected in Wuchang Lake. According to the functional group classification, phytoplankton could be divided into 25 functional groups, among which 18(A, B, D, P, MP, T, TB, S1, SN, X3, Y, E, H1, J, LO, M, W1 and W2) were the dominant functional groups. The seasonal succession of dominant functional groups was P, E(winter) → W1, MP(spring) → D, LO(summer) → D(autumn). CCA results showed that environmental variables played an important role in the succession of phytoplankton functional groups. Depth, water temperature, electrical conductivity, transparency, total nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen were the main environmental factors. The Q value of different seasons was summer(2.28) < spring(2.30) < autumn(2.67) < winter(3.02), indicating lake water quality was in a medium-good range. The TLI value of different seasons was winter(59.85) < autumn(59.91) < summer(62.12) < spring(65.74), indicating the lake was at a state of light-moderate eutrophication. The two evaluation results showed that water quality was better in winter. The changes in phytoplankton functional groups could reveal the succession characteristics of phytoplankton community and reflect the state of water environment in Wuchang Lake, which will be instructive for lake water quality evaluation and ecological protection.

关 键 词：浮游植物 功能群 环境因子 集合指数 综合营养状态指数 

分 类 号：X824[环境科学与工程—环境工程] Q948.8[生物学—植物学]